---
title: But the possession of such ideas and sentiments does but aggravate t… — In Ghostly Japan · tree and pragmatics
description: But the possession of such ideas and sentiments does but aggravate the atrocity of our situation, without lessening in the least the gloom of the final problem. Who acts: possession. A sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7, with its dependency tree and the 
---

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# In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 7, sentence 64

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But the possession of such ideas and sentiments does but aggravate the atrocity of our situation, without lessening in the least the gloom of the final problem.

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**Who acts:** possession · **What happens:** aggravate, lessen, possess · **To what, where:** atrocity, least gloom, such ideas

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This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (possession), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8128:9:64
# text = But the possession of such ideas and sentiments does but aggravate the atrocity of our situation, without lessening in the least the gloom of the final problem.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	possession	possession	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	sentiments	sentiment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	aggravate	aggravate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	atrocity	atrocity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	situation	situation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
19	lessening	lessen	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	24	amod	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	gloom	gloom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	final	final	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aggravate** | present · do-support | the possession of such ideas and sentiments | the atrocity of our situation |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus atrocity=Experiencer |
| 2 | **lessen** | gerund | the possession of such ideas and sentiments *not said here* |  |  | the least gloom of the final problem |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **possess** |  |  | such ideas and sentiments |  |  |  |  | nom possession «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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