--- title: That false and cruel knight had fain ridden thence, but Sir Gawain w… — Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English… · tree and pragmatics description: That false and cruel knight had fain ridden thence, but Sir Gawain was so nigh to him that he could not avoid, and smote at him so fiercely that he must needs abide, and draw bridle, and pray for mercy. Who acts: false knight, Sir. A sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Pros --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/11/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered in…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/) / [Opening, part 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/11/) / 15 # Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 11, sentence 15 That false and cruel knight had fain ridden thence, but Sir Gawain was so nigh to him that he could not avoid, and smote at him so fiercely that he must needs abide, and draw bridle, and pray for mercy. **Who acts:** false knight, Sir · **What happens:** have, ride, be, not avoid, smote, abide · **To what, where:** traitor, bridle This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (false knight, Sir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg8447:11:15 # text = That false and cruel knight had fain ridden thence, but Sir Gawain was so nigh to him that he could not avoid, and smote at him so fiercely that he must needs abide, and draw bridle, and pray for mercy. 1 That that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 5 det _ _ 2 false false ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 4 cruel cruel ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 conj _ _ 5 knight knight NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 fain fain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 xcomp _ _ 8 ridden ride VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 acl _ _ 9 thence thence ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 11 but but CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 12 Sir Sir PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 13 Gawain Gawain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 flat _ _ 14 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 15 so so ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 nigh nigh ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 17 to to ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ _ 19 that that SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ _ 20 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 21 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 22 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 23 advmod _ _ 23 avoid avoid VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 csubj _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 smote smote VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 parataxis _ _ 27 at at ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ _ 29 so so ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 30 fiercely fiercely ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 31 that that SCONJ IN _ 35 mark _ _ 32 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 33 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 34 needs need NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 nsubj _ _ 35 abide abide VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 38 draw draw VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 39 bridle bridle NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 42 pray pray VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 43 for for ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 44 mercy mercy NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 45 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | past | that false knight | | | | | fain *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **ride** | participle | | | | | | thence *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is** | past | Sir | | traitor | | | nigh *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **not** **avoid** | could | Sir | | | | | | vn avoid-52 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **smote** | infinitive | | | | | | at Sir; fiercely *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **abide** | must | Sir | | | | | needs *nsubj* | tree rules | | 7 | **draw** | infinitive | | bridle | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bridle=Theme | | 8 | **pray** | present | that false knight *not said here* | | | | | for mercy | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for mercy=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/11/14/) - next →: [sentence 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/11/16/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/11/)