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title: There did he see many a helm, and spear, and weapon of the knights i… — Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English… · tree and pragmatics
description: There did he see many a helm, and spear, and weapon of the knights it had slain, whose bones lay there stripped of flesh, which the monster had devoured; he might well be afraid! Who acts: Thus, bones. A sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by 
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# Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 11, sentence 2

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There did he see many a helm, and spear, and weapon of the knights it had slain, whose bones lay there stripped of flesh, which the monster had devoured; he might well be afraid!

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**Who acts:** Thus, bones · **What happens:** see, slay, lie, strip, devour, be · **To what, where:** many helm, weapon, monster · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thus, bones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8447:11:2
# text = There did he see many a helm, and spear, and weapon of the knights it had slain, whose bones lay there stripped of flesh, which the monster had devoured; he might well be afraid!
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	helm	helm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	spear	spear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
13	weapon	weapon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	knights	knight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	slain	slay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
23	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	parataxis	_	_
24	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	23	advmod	_	_
25	stripped	strip	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	xcomp	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
29	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	33	obj	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	monster	monster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj:pass	_	_
32	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
33	devoured	devour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	39	punct	_	_
35	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
36	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
37	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	39	advmod	_	_
38	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	39	cop	_	_
39	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past · do-support | Thus | a many helm and spear |  | there |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **slay** | past · perfect · passive |  | weapon of the knights |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **lie** | past | bones |  |  | there |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **strip** | participle | bones *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of flesh | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **devour** | past · perfect · passive |  | the monster |  |  |  | flesh *obj* | tree rules |
| 6 | **is** | might | Thus |  |  |  |  | afraid, well *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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