---
title: King Arthur had never a stronghold in the losing of which he had los… — Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English… · tree and pragmatics
description: King Arthur had never a stronghold in the losing of which he had lost so much, and this was not yet lost. Who acts: King Arthur, Arthur. A sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 11, with its dependency tree and 
---

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# Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 11, sentence 39

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King Arthur had never a stronghold in the losing of which he had lost so much, and this was not yet lost.

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**Who acts:** King Arthur, Arthur · **What happens:** have, lose, not lose · **To what, where:** stronghold, this

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This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King Arthur, Arthur), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8447:11:39
# text = King Arthur had never a stronghold in the losing of which he had lost so much, and this was not yet lost.
1	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Arthur	Arthur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	stronghold	stronghold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obl	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
15	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	much	much	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
19	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	23	nsubj	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	23	advmod	_	_
22	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | King Arthur | a stronghold |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stronghold=Patient |
| 2 | **lose** | gerund | King Arthur *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lose** | past · perfect | Arthur |  |  |  |  | which *obl* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent of which=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **not** **lose** | past · passive |  | this |  |  | yet |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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