---
title: When the Moor heard these words he laughed with heart and mouth (his… — Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English… · tree and pragmatics
description: When the Moor heard these words he laughed with heart and mouth (his teeth were white as chalk, otherwise was he altogether black), and he spake, "God our Father reward ye, noble knights, for the good will and the honour ye have done me, and also for the great comfort wherewith ye have lightened min
---

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# Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 3, sentence 64

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When the Moor heard these words he laughed with heart and mouth (his teeth were white as chalk, otherwise was he altogether black), and he spake, "God our Father reward ye, noble knights, for the good will and the honour ye have done me, and also for the great comfort wherewith ye have lightened mine heart that long hath been all too heavy.

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**Who acts:** Moor, teeth, ye, heart · **What happens:** hear, laugh, be, speak, reward, do · **To what, where:** words, honour, Moor, ye · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moor, teeth, ye, heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8447:3:64
# text = When the Moor heard these words he laughed with heart and mouth (his teeth were white as chalk, otherwise was he altogether black), and he spake, "God our Father reward ye, noble knights, for the good will and the honour ye have done me, and also for the great comfort wherewith ye have lightened mine heart that long hath been all too heavy.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Moor	moor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
5	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
16	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	parataxis	_	_
18	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	chalk	chalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	otherwise	otherwise	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	spake	speak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	appos	_	_
34	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
35	Father	Father	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	reward	reward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
37	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	36	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	noble	noble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	knights	knight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
42	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	45	mark	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	nsubj	_	_
45	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	acl:relcl	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
47	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
48	honour	honour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	conj	_	_
49	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	51	nsubj	_	_
50	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	51	aux	_	_
51	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	48	acl:relcl	_	_
52	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	51	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
54	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	59	cc	_	_
55	also	also	ADV	RB	_	59	advmod	_	_
56	for	for	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
57	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	59	det	_	_
58	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	amod	_	_
59	comfort	comfort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	conj	_	_
60	wherewith	wherewith	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	63	advmod	_	_
61	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	63	nsubj:pass	_	_
62	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	63	aux	_	_
63	lightened	lighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	59	advcl	_	_
64	mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	63	obj	_	_
65	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	63	obj	_	_
66	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	72	nsubj	_	_
67	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	72	advmod	_	_
68	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	72	aux	_	_
69	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	72	cop	_	_
70	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	72	nsubj	_	_
71	too	too	ADV	RB	_	72	advmod	_	_
72	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	65	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
73	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | the Moor | this words |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus |
| 2 | **laugh** | past | Moor |  |  |  |  | with heart and mouth | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | Moor's teeth |  |  |  |  | as chalk; white *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | past | Moor |  |  |  |  | altogether, black, otherwise *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **speak** *speech: other* |  | Moor |  |  |  |  | God *appos* | tree rules |
| 6 | **reward** *in a quote* |  | ye |  |  |  |  | our *nmod:poss*; noble knights *conj* | tree rules |
| 7 | **do** *in a quote* | present · perfect | ye | the honour and the great comfort *not said here* | Moor |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Eventuality |
| 8 | **lighten** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | ye |  |  |  | mine *obj*; heart *obj*; wherewith *property* | tree rules |
| 9 | **is** *in a quote* | present · perfect | heart |  |  |  |  | heavy, long *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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