--- title: As Sir Gawain heard her his heart was rent with sorrow and compassio… — Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English… · tree and pragmatics description: As Sir Gawain heard her his heart was rent with sorrow and compassion and he spake to that evil knight: "Sir Knight, 'tis folly and discourtesy that which ye do to this maiden; were ye wise ye would forbear; even had the maiden wronged ye, ye should deal courteously; he hath small honour who thus sm --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/4/91/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered in…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/) / [Opening, part 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/4/) / 91 # Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 4, sentence 91 As Sir Gawain heard her his heart was rent with sorrow and compassion and he spake to that evil knight: "Sir Knight, 'tis folly and discourtesy that which ye do to this maiden; were ye wise ye would forbear; even had the maiden wronged ye, ye should deal courteously; he hath small honour who thus smiteth a maiden." **Who acts:** Sir, ye, maiden, knight, small honour · **What happens:** hear, rend, speak, do, be, forbear · **To what, where:** stream, heart, tis folly, ye, small honour, maiden · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sir, ye, maiden, knight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg8447:4:91 # text = As Sir Gawain heard her his heart was rent with sorrow and compassion and he spake to that evil knight: "Sir Knight, 'tis folly and discourtesy that which ye do to this maiden; were ye wise ye would forbear; even had the maiden wronged ye, ye should deal courteously; he hath small honour who thus smiteth a maiden." 1 As as SCONJ IN _ 4 mark _ _ 2 Sir Sir PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 Gawain Gawain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 flat _ _ 4 heard hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obj _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj:pass _ _ 8 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux:pass _ _ 9 rent rend VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 ccomp _ _ 10 with with ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 sorrow sorrow NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 compassion compassion NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 15 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 spake speak NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 conj _ _ 17 to to ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 18 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 20 det _ _ 19 evil evil ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 knight knight NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 21 : : PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 22 " " PUNCT `` _ 24 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 23 Sir Sir PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 nmod:desc _ _ 24 Knight Knight PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 28 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 27 tis tis NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 28 folly folly NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 appos _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 discourtesy discourtesy NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj _ _ 31 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 34 obj _ _ 32 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 34 obj _ _ 33 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 34 nsubj _ _ 34 do do VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 acl:relcl _ _ 35 to to ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 37 det _ _ 37 maiden maiden NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 38 ; ; PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 39 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 cop _ _ 40 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 41 nsubj _ _ 41 wise wise ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 parataxis _ _ 42 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 44 nsubj _ _ 43 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 44 forbear forbear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 41 csubj _ SpaceAfter=No 45 ; ; PUNCT : _ 47 punct _ _ 46 even even ADV RB _ 47 advmod _ _ 47 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 maiden maiden NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 nsubj _ _ 50 wronged wrong VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 47 ccomp _ _ 51 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 50 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 52 , , PUNCT , _ 55 punct _ _ 53 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 55 nsubj _ _ 54 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 55 aux _ _ 55 deal deal VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 50 conj _ _ 56 courteously courteously ADV RB _ 55 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 57 ; ; PUNCT , _ 59 punct _ _ 58 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 59 nsubj _ _ 59 hath have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 60 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 61 amod _ _ 61 honour honour NOUN NN Number=Sing 59 obj _ _ 62 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 64 nsubj _ _ 63 thus thus ADV RB _ 64 advmod _ _ 64 smiteth smite VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 61 acl:relcl _ _ 65 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 66 det _ _ 66 maiden maiden NOUN NN Number=Sing 64 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 67 . . PUNCT . _ 59 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 68 " " PUNCT '' _ 59 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hear** | past | Sir | stream | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **rend** | past · passive | | Sir's heart | | | | with sorrow and compassion; to that evil knight *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with sorrow=Instrument to knight=Result | | 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | | Sir | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **do** *in a quote* | present | ye | tis folly and discourtesy | | | | to this maiden | tree rules | | 5 | **is** *in a quote* | past | ye | | | | | wise *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **forbear** *in a quote* | would | ye | | | | | | vn refrain-69 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **have** *in a quote* | past | Sir *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **wrong** *in a quote* | past | the maiden | ye | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **deal** *in a quote* | should | ye | | | | | courteously *property* | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **have** *in a quote* | present | knight | small honour | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent honour=Patient | | 11 | **smite** *in a quote* | present | small honour | a maiden | | | | thus *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus maiden=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 90](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/4/90/) - next →: [sentence 92](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/4/92/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/4/)