---
title: He saw a knight sitting upon the ground, in sore distress, naked and… — Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English… · tree and pragmatics
description: He saw a knight sitting upon the ground, in sore distress, naked and covered with blood; he had been brought thither to be broken upon the wheel, so soon as it might be made ready. Who acts: head, knight. A sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» 
---

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# Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 7, sentence 38

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He saw a knight sitting upon the ground, in sore distress, naked and covered with blood; he had been brought thither to be broken upon the wheel, so soon as it might be made ready.

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**Who acts:** head, knight · **What happens:** see, sit, cover, bring, break, make · **To what, where:** knight, sore distress, head, wheel

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This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (head, knight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8447:7:38
# text = He saw a knight sitting upon the ground, in sore distress, naked and covered with blood; he had been brought thither to be broken upon the wheel, so soon as it might be made ready.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	distress	distress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	naked	naked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
21	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
22	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
24	thither	thither	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
26	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	advcl	_	_
28	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	wheel	wheel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
32	so	so	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
33	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	38	advmod	_	_
34	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
35	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj:pass	_	_
36	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
37	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	aux:pass	_	_
38	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
39	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | head | a knight |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer knight=Stimulus |
| 2 | **sit** | gerund | a knight *not said here* |  |  | sore distress |  | upon the ground | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon ground=Location |
| 3 | **cover** | participle | a knight *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with blood | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with blood=Theme |
| 4 | **bring** | past · perfect · passive |  | head |  |  |  | thither *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Destination |
| 5 | **break** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  | the wheel |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: upon wheel=Location |
| 6 | **make** | might · passive |  | wheel |  |  |  | ready, soon *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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