---
title: Now had they left upon the field Gringalet and certain other steeds,… — Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now had they left upon the field Gringalet and certain other steeds, the masters whereof were slain or had fled afar. Who acts: needs. A sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the
---

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# Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 7, sentence 69

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Now had they left upon the field Gringalet and certain other steeds, the masters whereof were slain or had fled afar.

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**Who acts:** needs · **What happens:** leave, be, flee · **To what, where:** masters, field, afar

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This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (needs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8447:7:69
# text = Now had they left upon the field Gringalet and certain other steeds, the masters whereof were slain or had fled afar.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	Gringalet	Gringalet	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	steeds	steed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	masters	master	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
16	whereof	whereof	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
17	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	slain	slain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	fled	flee	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	18	conj	_	_
22	afar	afar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | needs *= need* | the masters |  | the field | now |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent master=Theme upon field=Location |
| 2 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | slain, whereof *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **flee** | past · perfect |  | afar |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme afar=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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