---
title: And I be one of these messengers, and have ridden as swiftly as my s… — Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English… · tree and pragmatics
description: And I be one of these messengers, and have ridden as swiftly as my steed might bear me from Arthur's Court hitherward, and ever have I sought tidings of ye, till at length men told me, and I knew that ye twain had come over to this cross, to this parting of the ways. Who acts: I, steed, length men, 
---

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# Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 8, sentence 75

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And I be one of these messengers, and have ridden as swiftly as my steed might bear me from Arthur's Court hitherward, and ever have I sought tidings of ye, till at length men told me, and I knew that ye twain had come over to this cross, to this parting of the ways.

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**Who acts:** I, steed, length men, ye twain, ways · **What happens:** be, ride, bear, have, seek, tell · **To what, where:** one, me, Court hitherward, tidings, cross · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, steed, length men, ye twain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8447:8:75
# text = And I be one of these messengers, and have ridden as swiftly as my steed might bear me from Arthur's Court hitherward, and ever have I sought tidings of ye, till at length men told me, and I knew that ye twain had come over to this cross, to this parting of the ways.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	messengers	messenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	ridden	ride	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	_
12	as	as	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	swiftly	swiftly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
14	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
15	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	steed	steed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
17	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	bear	bear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
19	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	Arthur	Arthur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	's	's	PART	POS	_	21	case	_	_
23	Court	Court	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	hitherward	hitherward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	28	advmod	_	_
28	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
29	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	sought	seek	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	ccomp	_	_
31	tidings	tiding	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
35	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
36	at	at	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	compound	_	_
38	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nsubj	_	_
39	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	conj	_	_
40	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	39	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
43	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
44	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	parataxis	_	_
45	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	49	mark	_	_
46	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	47	compound	_	_
47	twain	twain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	nsubj	_	_
48	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	49	aux	_	_
49	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	44	ccomp	_	_
50	over	over	ADV	RB	_	49	advmod	_	_
51	to	to	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	53	det	_	_
53	cross	cross	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
55	to	to	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
56	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	57	det	_	_
57	parting	parting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	_
58	of	of	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
59	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	60	det	_	_
60	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	57	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | infinitive | I | one |  |  |  | of this messengers | tree rules |
| 2 | **ride** | present · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | swiftly *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **bear** | might | my steed | me |  | Arthur's Court hitherward |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient |
| 4 | **have** | present |  |  |  |  | ever |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **seek** | past | I | tidings of ye |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tiding=Theme |
| 6 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | length men |  | me |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient |
| 7 | **know** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 8 | **come over** | past · perfect | ye twain |  |  | this cross |  | to this parting of the ways; over *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to cross=Initial\_Location to parting=Destination |
| 9 | **part** |  | the ways |  |  |  |  |  | nom parting «act intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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