---
title: Then laughed Sir Gawain the bold when he heard him speak of food, an… — Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then laughed Sir Gawain the bold when he heard him speak of food, and said that he had come thither in a good hour since they had no victuals, much or little, nor drink there within, nor knew they where they might find any had he brought none with him. Who acts: Gawain, Sir, man. A sentence of «Mori
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/8/78/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered in…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/) / [Opening, part 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/8/) / 78

# Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 8, sentence 78

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then laughed Sir Gawain the bold when he heard him speak of food, and said that he had come thither in a good hour since they had no victuals, much or little, nor drink there within, nor knew they where they might find any had he brought none with him.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Gawain, Sir, man · **What happens:** laugh, hear, speak, say, come, have · **To what, where:** Gawain, Sir, victuals, had, none · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gawain, Sir, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8447:8:78
# text = Then laughed Sir Gawain the bold when he heard him speak of food, and said that he had come thither in a good hour since they had no victuals, much or little, nor drink there within, nor knew they where they might find any had he brought none with him.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Sir	Sir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:desc	_	_
4	Gawain	Gawain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bold	bold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	ccomp	_	_
21	thither	thither	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
26	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
27	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
29	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	30	det	_	_
30	victuals	victual	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
33	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	37	cc	_	_
37	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
38	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
39	within	within	ADP	IN	_	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
41	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	42	cc	_	_
42	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
43	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	47	nsubj	_	_
44	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	47	advmod	_	_
45	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	47	nsubj	_	_
46	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	47	aux	_	_
47	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	42	ccomp	_	_
48	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	49	det	_	_
49	had	had	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	obj	_	_
50	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	51	nsubj	_	_
51	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	49	acl:relcl	_	_
52	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	51	obj	_	_
53	with	with	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
54	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	51	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | past |  | Gawain  Sir |  | there | then | the bold *obl:unmarked*; drink *parataxis* | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gawain=Theme |
| 2 | **hear** | past | Gawain | Sir |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | infinitive | Sir *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of food | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **come** | past · perfect | Gawain |  |  |  | hour | thither *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **have** | past | man | no victuals |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent victual=Patient |
| 7 | **know** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 8 | **find** | might | man | any had |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent had=Topic |
| 9 | **bring** | past | Gawain | none |  |  |  | with Sir | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent none=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 77](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/8/77/)
- next →: [sentence 79](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/8/79/)
- ↑ back to [Opening, part 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/8/)