--- title: The young man had his head buried in his hands, so he did not hear t… — The Happy Prince, and Other Tales · tree and pragmatics description: The young man had his head buried in his hands, so he did not hear the flutter of the bird’s wings, and when he looked up he found the beautiful sapphire lying on the withered violets. Who acts: young man, man, beautiful sapphire, wings. A sentence of «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wil --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/1/142/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Happy Prince, and Other Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/) / [Opening, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/1/) / 142 # The Happy Prince, and Other Tales, Opening, part 1, sentence 142 The young man had his head buried in his hands, so he did not hear the flutter of the bird’s wings, and when he looked up he found the beautiful sapphire lying on the withered violets. **Who acts:** young man, man, beautiful sapphire, wings · **What happens:** have, bury, not hear, look up, find, lie · **To what, where:** head, hands, flutter, beautiful sapphire, withered violets This is a sentence of «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young man, man, beautiful sapphire, wings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg902:1:142 # text = The young man had his head buried in his hands, so he did not hear the flutter of the bird’s wings, and when he looked up he found the beautiful sapphire lying on the withered violets. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 buried bury VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 acl _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 hands hand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 12 so so ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 13 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 14 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 15 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 16 advmod _ _ 16 hear hear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 flutter flutter NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 22 ’s 's PART POS _ 21 case _ _ 23 wings wing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 26 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 28 advmod _ _ 27 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 looked look VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 advcl _ _ 29 up up ADP RP _ 28 compound:prt _ _ 30 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 33 beautiful beautiful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 sapphire sapphire NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 35 lying lie VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 34 acl _ _ 36 on on ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 38 withered wither VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 39 amod _ _ 39 violets violet NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 40 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | past | the young man | man's head | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient | | 2 | **bury** | participle | | man's head *not said here* | | man's hands | | | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in hand=Destination | | 3 | **not** **hear** | past · do-support | man | the flutter of the bird's wings | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer flutter=Stimulus | | 4 | **look up** | past | man | | | | | | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | | 5 | **find** | past | man | the beautiful sapphire | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sapphire=Topic | | 6 | **lie** | gerund | the beautiful sapphire *not said here* | | | the withered violets | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on violet=Location | | 7 | **wither** | participle | | | | | | | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 8 | **flutter** | | the bird's wings | | | | | | nom flutter «act intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Project Gutenberg book 902 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 141](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/1/141/) - next →: [sentence 143](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/1/143/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/1/)