--- title: “When I was alive and had a human heart,” answered the statue, “I di… — The Happy Prince, and Other Tales · tree and pragmatics description: “When I was alive and had a human heart,” answered the statue, “I did not know what tears were, for I lived in the Palace of Sans-Souci, where sorrow is not allowed to enter. Who acts: statue, tears, sorrow. A sentence of «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Opening, part 1, with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/1/59/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Happy Prince, and Other Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/) / [Opening, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/1/) / 59 # The Happy Prince, and Other Tales, Opening, part 1, sentence 59 “When I was alive and had a human heart,” answered the statue, “I did not know what tears were, for I lived in the Palace of Sans-Souci, where sorrow is not allowed to enter. **Who acts:** statue, tears, sorrow · **What happens:** be, have, answer, not know, live, not allow · **To what, where:** human heart, Palace, sorrow · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (statue, tears, sorrow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg902:1:59 # text = “When I was alive and had a human heart,” answered the statue, “I did not know what tears were, for I lived in the Palace of Sans-Souci, where sorrow is not allowed to enter. 1 “ " PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 When when SCONJ WRB _ 5 mark _ _ 3 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 4 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 5 alive alive ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 advcl _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 human human ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 12 ” " PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ _ 13 answered answer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 statue statue NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 17 “ " PUNCT `` _ 21 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 18 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 19 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 20 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 21 advmod _ _ 21 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 conj _ _ 22 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 21 ccomp _ _ 23 tears tear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 24 were be VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 acl _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 for for SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 27 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 advcl _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 Palace Palace PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 Sans Sans PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 34 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 35 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 35 Souci Souci PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 37 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 41 advmod _ _ 38 sorrow sorrow NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nsubj:pass _ _ 39 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux:pass _ _ 40 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 41 advmod _ _ 41 allowed allow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 31 acl:relcl _ _ 42 to to PART TO _ 43 mark _ _ 43 enter enter VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 41 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 44 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** *in a quote* | past | the statue *= statue* | | | | | alive *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **have** *in a quote* | past | the statue *= statue* *not said here* | a human heart | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient | | 3 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | the statue | | | | | | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **not** **know** *in a quote* | past · do-support | the statue *= statue* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 5 | **be** *in a quote* | past | tears *not said here* | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **live** *in a quote* | past | the statue *= statue* | | | the Palace of Sans and Souci | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in palace=Location | | 7 | **not** **allow** *in a quote* | present · passive | | sorrow | | | | | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | | 8 | **enter** *not said to happen, in a quote* | to-infinitive | sorrow *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Project Gutenberg book 902 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 58](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/1/58/) - next →: [sentence 60](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/1/60/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg902/1/)