---
title: Echo bore it to her purple cavern in the hills, and woke the sleepin… — The Happy Prince, and Other Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Echo bore it to her purple cavern in the hills, and woke the sleeping shepherds from their dreams. Who acts: Echo, shepherds. A sentence of «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Opening, part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Happy Prince, and Other Tales, Opening, part 3, sentence 21

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Echo bore it to her purple cavern in the hills, and woke the sleeping shepherds from their dreams.

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**Who acts:** Echo, shepherds · **What happens:** bear, wake, dream · **To what, where:** burst, sleeping shepherds, dreams

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This is a sentence of «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Echo, shepherds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg902:3:21
# text = Echo bore it to her purple cavern in the hills, and woke the sleeping shepherds from their dreams.
1	Echo	echo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bore	bear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	purple	purple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cavern	cavern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	woke	wake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	sleeping	sleeping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	shepherds	shepherd	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	dreams	dream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bear** | past | Echo | burst |  |  |  | to Echo's purple cavern in the hills | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 2 | **wake** | past | Echo *not said here* | the sleeping shepherds |  | shepherds's dreams |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent shepherd=Patient |
| 3 | **dream** |  | shepherds *= shepherd* |  |  |  |  |  | nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Project Gutenberg book 902 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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