---
title: “Then you should certainly lecture on Philosophy,” said the Dragon-f… — The Happy Prince, and Other Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “Then you should certainly lecture on Philosophy,” said the Dragon-fly; and he spread a pair of lovely gauze wings and soared away into the sky. Who acts: you, Dragon fly, fly. A sentence of «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmat
---

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# The Happy Prince, and Other Tales, Opening, part 7, sentence 1

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“Then you should certainly lecture on Philosophy,” said the Dragon-fly; and he spread a pair of lovely gauze wings and soared away into the sky.

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**Who acts:** you, Dragon fly, fly · **What happens:** lecture, say, spread, soar away · **To what, where:** Philosophy, pair, sky · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Dragon fly, fly), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg902:7:1
# text = “Then you should certainly lecture on Philosophy,” said the Dragon-fly; and he spread a pair of lovely gauze wings and soared away into the sky.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	lecture	lecture	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	ccomp	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Philosophy	philosophy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	Dragon	Dragon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	fly	fly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	pair	pair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	lovely	lovely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
24	gauze	gauze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	soared	soar	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	_
28	away	away	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
29	into	into	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lecture** *speech: other* *in a quote* | should | you |  |  | Philosophy | then | certainly *property* | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Dragon fly |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **spread** | past | fly | a pair of lovely gauze wings |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pair=Theme |
| 4 | **soar away** | past | fly *not said here* |  |  | the sky |  | away *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into sky=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Happy Prince, and Other Tales» by Oscar Wilde, Project Gutenberg book 902 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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