---
title: By and by, the rushing noise began to sound like articulate language. — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: By and by, the rushing noise began to sound like articulate language. A sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Dragon's Teeth., part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Tanglewood Tales, The Dragon's Teeth., part 3, sentence 27

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By and by, the rushing noise began to sound like articulate language.

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**What happens:** rush, begin, sound, articulate · **To what, where:** language

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This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Dragon's Teeth., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg976:12:27
# text = By and by, the rushing noise began to sound like articulate language.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	rushing	rush	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	amod	_	_
7	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
8	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	sound	sound	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	articulate	articulate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rush** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **begin** | past |  |  |  |  |  | by the rushing noise | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **sound** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **articulate** *speech: other* | infinitive |  | language |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent language=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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