---
title: She was lying down by the wayside, and quietly chewing her cud; nor… — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: She was lying down by the wayside, and quietly chewing her cud; nor did she take any notice of the young man until he had approached pretty nigh. Who acts: Cadmus, man. A sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Dragon's Teeth., part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics o
---

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# Tanglewood Tales, The Dragon's Teeth., part 3, sentence 51

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She was lying down by the wayside, and quietly chewing her cud; nor did she take any notice of the young man until he had approached pretty nigh.

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**Who acts:** Cadmus, man · **What happens:** lie down, chew, take, approach, notice · **To what, where:** cud, notice, young man

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This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Dragon's Teeth., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cadmus, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg976:12:51
# text = She was lying down by the wayside, and quietly chewing her cud; nor did she take any notice of the young man until he had approached pretty nigh.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wayside	wayside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	quietly	quietly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	chewing	chew	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
12	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	cud	cud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	18	cc	_	_
16	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
19	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	20	det	_	_
20	notice	notice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
25	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
27	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	approached	approach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
29	pretty	pretty	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	nigh	nigh	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie down** | past · progressive | Cadmus |  |  |  |  | by the wayside; down *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by wayside=Location |
| 2 | **chew** | gerund | Cadmus *not said here* | Cadmus's cud |  |  |  | quietly *property* | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cud=Patient |
| 3 | **take** | past · do-support | Cadmus | any notice of the young man |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent notice=Theme |
| 4 | **approach** | past · perfect | man |  |  |  |  | nigh *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **notice** |  |  | the young man |  |  |  |  | nom notice «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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