---
title: In short, they all left off eating, and leaned back on their thrones… — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: In short, they all left off eating, and leaned back on their thrones, with such a stupid and helpless aspect as made them ridiculous to behold. Who acts: guzzlers, stupid aspect. A sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Circe's Palace., part 3, with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# Tanglewood Tales, Circe's Palace., part 3, sentence 32

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In short, they all left off eating, and leaned back on their thrones, with such a stupid and helpless aspect as made them ridiculous to behold.

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**Who acts:** guzzlers, stupid aspect · **What happens:** leave off, eat, learn back, make · **To what, where:** short, thrones, guzzlers

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This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Circe's Palace., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (guzzlers, stupid aspect), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg976:17:32
# text = In short, they all left off eating, and leaned back on their thrones, with such a stupid and helpless aspect as made them ridiculous to behold.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
6	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	off	off	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	leaned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
12	back	back	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	thrones	throne	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
17	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
18	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	23	det:predet	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
20	stupid	stupid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	helpless	helpless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	_
23	aspect	aspect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
24	as	as	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
26	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	ridiculous	ridiculous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	xcomp	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	27	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave off** | past | guzzlers *= guzzler* |  |  | short |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** | gerund | guzzlers *= guzzler* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **learn back** | past |  |  |  | guzzlers's thrones |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **make** | past | such stupid aspect | guzzlers *= guzzler* |  |  |  | ridiculous *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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