---
title: Certainly there lay some heavy anguish at the little bird's heart; a… — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Certainly there lay some heavy anguish at the little bird's heart; and it was a sorrowful predicament that he could not, at least, have the consolation of telling what it was. Who acts: you, heavy, bird, consolation. A sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Circe's Palace., part 3, w
---

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# Tanglewood Tales, Circe's Palace., part 3, sentence 83

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Certainly there lay some heavy anguish at the little bird's heart; and it was a sorrowful predicament that he could not, at least, have the consolation of telling what it was.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, heavy, bird, consolation · **What happens:** lay, anguish, be, have, tell · **To what, where:** heart, sorrowful predicament, consolation, least · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Circe's Palace., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, heavy, bird, consolation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg976:17:83
# text = Certainly there lay some heavy anguish at the little bird's heart; and it was a sorrowful predicament that he could not, at least, have the consolation of telling what it was.
1	Certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	lay	lay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	nsubj	_	_
6	anguish	anguish	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	sorrowful	sorrowful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	predicament	predicament	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
20	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	punct	_	_
23	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	at	at	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
28	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	consolation	consolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
31	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
32	telling	tell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	30	acl	_	_
33	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	32	ccomp	_	_
34	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
35	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | there |  | certainly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **anguish** | present | some heavy |  |  | the little bird's heart |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is a** | past | bird | a sorrowful predicament |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **have** | present |  | the consolation |  | least |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consolation=Patient |
| 5 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund | the consolation *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is a** | past | bird | the consolation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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