---
title: He immediately set up a grievous cry, as babies are apt to do, when… — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He immediately set up a grievous cry, as babies are apt to do, when rudely startled out of a sound sleep. Who acts: babies. A sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Pomegranate Seeds., part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Tanglewood Tales, The Pomegranate Seeds., part 4, sentence 19

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He immediately set up a grievous cry, as babies are apt to do, when rudely startled out of a sound sleep.

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**Who acts:** babies · **What happens:** set up, be, do, startle · **To what, where:** Demophoon, sound sleep

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This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Pomegranate Seeds., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (babies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg976:23:19
# text = He immediately set up a grievous cry, as babies are apt to do, when rudely startled out of a sound sleep.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	grievous	grievous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	apt	apt	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
17	rudely	rudely	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	startled	startle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
19	out	out	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set up** | participle · passive |  | Demophoon |  |  |  | immediately *property* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme cry=Destination |
| 2 | **is** | present | babies |  |  |  |  | apt *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | to-infinitive | babies *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **startle** | past | babies *not said here* |  |  | a sound sleep |  | rudely *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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