---
title: The grief of their separation had caused both of them to shed a grea… — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The grief of their separation had caused both of them to shed a great many tears; and now they shed a great many more, because their joy could not so well express itself in any other way. Who acts: arms, grief, joy. A sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Pomegranate Seeds., par
---

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# Tanglewood Tales, The Pomegranate Seeds., part 5, sentence 51

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The grief of their separation had caused both of them to shed a great many tears; and now they shed a great many more, because their joy could not so well express itself in any other way.

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**Who acts:** arms, grief, joy · **What happens:** cause, shed, not express, separate, joy · **To what, where:** grief, great many tears, a, joy, other way

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This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Pomegranate Seeds., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (arms, grief, joy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg976:24:51
# text = The grief of their separation had caused both of them to shed a great many tears; and now they shed a great many more, because their joy could not so well express itself in any other way.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	grief	grief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	separation	separation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl:agent	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	shed	shed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	tears	tear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	21	advmod	_	_
20	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	shed	shed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	obj	_	_
23	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	conj	_	_
24	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
27	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
28	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
30	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
31	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	34	advmod	_	_
32	so	so	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
33	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	34	advmod	_	_
34	express	express	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
35	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	34	obj	_	_
36	in	in	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
37	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	39	det	_	_
38	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past · perfect · passive | arms *= arm* | the grief of arms's separation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shed** | to-infinitive | the grief of arms's separation *not said here* | a great many tears |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tear=Source |
| 3 | **shed** | past | arms *= arm* | a |  |  | now |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location a=Source |
| 4 | **not** **express** | could | arms's joy | joy |  | any other way |  | well *property* | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Theme |
| 5 | **separate** |  | arms *= arm* |  |  |  |  |  | nom separation «state intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 6 | **joy** |  | arms *= arm* |  |  |  |  |  | nom joy «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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