---
title: The good Chiron taught his pupils how to play upon the harp, and how… — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The good Chiron taught his pupils how to play upon the harp, and how to cure diseases, and how to use the sword and shield, together with various other branches of education, in which the lads of those days used to be instructed, instead of writing and arithmetic. Who acts: good Chiron, lads. A sent
---

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# Tanglewood Tales, The Golden Fleece., part 1, sentence 6

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The good Chiron taught his pupils how to play upon the harp, and how to cure diseases, and how to use the sword and shield, together with various other branches of education, in which the lads of those days used to be instructed, instead of writing and arithmetic.

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**Who acts:** good Chiron, lads · **What happens:** teach, play, cure, use, instruct · **To what, where:** pupils, diseases, sword

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This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Golden Fleece., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (good Chiron, lads), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg976:25:6
# text = The good Chiron taught his pupils how to play upon the harp, and how to cure diseases, and how to use the sword and shield, together with various other branches of education, in which the lads of those days used to be instructed, instead of writing and arithmetic.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Chiron	Chiron	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	taught	teach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	pupils	pupil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
10	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	harp	harp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	cure	cure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
18	diseases	disease	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	23	advmod	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	shield	shield	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
29	together	together	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
30	with	with	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	various	various	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
32	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	education	education	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	44	obl	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	lads	lad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	nsubj	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	43	det	_	_
43	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nmod	_	_
44	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	parataxis	_	_
45	to	to	PART	TO	_	47	mark	_	_
46	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	47	aux:pass	_	_
47	instructed	instruct	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	44	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
49	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	51	case	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	fixed	_	_
51	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	obl	_	_
52	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
53	arithmetic	arithmetic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | past | the good Chiron |  | Chiron's pupils |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent pupil=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **play** | to-infinitive | the good Chiron *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon the harp | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **cure** | to-infinitive | the good Chiron *not said here* | diseases |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer disease=Source |
| 4 | **use** | to-infinitive |  | the sword and shield |  |  |  | with various other branches of education | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Patient |
| 5 | **use** | past | the lads of that days |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **instruct** *speech: other* | to-infinitive · passive | the lads of that days *not said here* |  |  |  |  | instead writing and arithmetic | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic» |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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