---
title: When they had sailed above fifty miles over the sea, Lynceus happene… — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: When they had sailed above fifty miles over the sea, Lynceus happened to cast his sharp eyes behind, and said that there was this bad-hearted king, still perched upon the promontory, and scowling so gloomily that it looked like a black thunder-cloud in that quarter of the horizon. Who acts: lungs, L
---

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# Tanglewood Tales, The Golden Fleece., part 3, sentence 28

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When they had sailed above fifty miles over the sea, Lynceus happened to cast his sharp eyes behind, and said that there was this bad-hearted king, still perched upon the promontory, and scowling so gloomily that it looked like a black thunder-cloud in that quarter of the horizon.

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**Who acts:** lungs, Lynceus, hearted king, promontory · **What happens:** sail, happen, cast, say, be, perch · **To what, where:** fifty miles, sea, sharp eyes, hearted king, promontory · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Golden Fleece., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lungs, Lynceus, hearted king, promontory), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg976:27:28
# text = When they had sailed above fifty miles over the sea, Lynceus happened to cast his sharp eyes behind, and said that there was this bad-hearted king, still perched upon the promontory, and scowling so gloomily that it looked like a black thunder-cloud in that quarter of the horizon.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	sailed	sail	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	above	above	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	fifty	fifty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	Lynceus	Lynceus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	cast	cast	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
19	behind	behind	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
23	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
24	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	25	expl	_	_
25	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	ccomp	_	_
26	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	30	det	_	_
27	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	hearted	hearted	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	still	still	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
33	perched	perch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	acl	_	_
34	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	promontory	promontory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	scowling	scowl	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	advcl	_	_
40	so	so	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
41	gloomily	gloomily	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
42	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	44	mark	_	_
43	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
44	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	advcl	_	_
45	like	like	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
46	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
47	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	50	amod	_	_
48	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	48	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	_
51	in	in	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	53	det	_	_
53	quarter	quarter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	nmod	_	_
54	of	of	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
55	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
56	horizon	horizon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sail** | past · perfect | lungs *= lung* | fifty miles |  | the sea |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent mile=Theme over sea=Trajectory |
| 2 | **happen** | past | Lynceus |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **cast** | to-infinitive | Lynceus *not said here* | Orpheus's sharp eyes |  |  |  | behind *property* | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Product |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Lynceus *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **be** | past | this hearted king |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **perch** | participle |  | this hearted king *not said here* |  | the promontory | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon promontory=Location |
| 7 | **scowl** | gerund | Lynceus *not said here* |  |  |  |  | gloomily *property* | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **look** | past | promontory |  |  |  |  | like a black thunder cloud in that quarter of the horizon | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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