--- title: And, ever since that time, it has been the favorite method of brave… — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics description: And, ever since that time, it has been the favorite method of brave men, when danger assails them, to do what they call "taking the bull by the horns"; and to gripe him by the tail is pretty much the same thing--that is, to throw aside fear, and overcome the peril by despising it. Who acts: spell, d --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg976/28/87/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Tanglewood Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg976/) / [The Golden Fleece., part 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg976/28/) / 87 # Tanglewood Tales, The Golden Fleece., part 4, sentence 87 And, ever since that time, it has been the favorite method of brave men, when danger assails them, to do what they call "taking the bull by the horns"; and to gripe him by the tail is pretty much the same thing--that is, to throw aside fear, and overcome the peril by despising it. **Who acts:** spell, danger, bulls, favorite method, that · **What happens:** be, assail, do, call, take, gripe · **To what, where:** favorite method, bulls, bull, danger, same thing, peril · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Golden Fleece., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spell, danger, bulls, favorite method), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg976:28:87 # text = And, ever since that time, it has been the favorite method of brave men, when danger assails them, to do what they call "taking the bull by the horns"; and to gripe him by the tail is pretty much the same thing--that is, to throw aside fear, and overcome the peril by despising it. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 3 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 6 advmod _ _ 4 since since ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 6 det _ _ 6 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 8 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 9 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 10 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 13 cop _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 favorite favorite ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 method method NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 nsubj _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 brave brave ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 20 advmod _ _ 19 danger danger NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 20 assails assail VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 acl:relcl _ _ 21 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark _ _ 24 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 conj _ _ 25 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 24 obj _ _ 26 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 call call VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 acl:relcl _ _ 28 " " PUNCT `` _ 29 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 29 taking take VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 27 advcl _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 bull bull NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ _ 32 by by ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 horns horn NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 " " PUNCT '' _ 29 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 36 ; ; PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 38 to to PART TO _ 39 mark _ _ 39 gripe gripe VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 conj _ _ 40 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 obj _ _ 41 by by ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 tail tail NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 44 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 49 cop _ _ 45 pretty pretty ADV RB _ 46 advmod _ _ 46 much much ADV RB _ 49 advmod _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 48 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 49 amod _ _ 49 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 50 -- -- PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 51 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 52 nsubj _ _ 52 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 49 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 53 , , PUNCT , _ 55 punct _ _ 54 to to PART TO _ 55 mark _ _ 55 throw throw VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 52 parataxis _ _ 56 aside aside ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 57 fear fear NOUN NN Number=Sing 55 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 58 , , PUNCT , _ 60 punct _ _ 59 and and CCONJ CC _ 60 cc _ _ 60 overcome overcome VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 55 parataxis _ _ 61 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 62 det _ _ 62 peril peril NOUN NN Number=Sing 60 obj _ _ 63 by by SCONJ IN _ 64 mark _ _ 64 despising despise VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 60 advcl _ _ 65 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 64 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 66 . . PUNCT . _ 49 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present · perfect | spell | the favorite method | | | time | of brave men | tree rules | | 2 | **assail** | present | danger | bulls *= bull* | | | | | vn attack-60.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | | 3 | **do** | to-infinitive | danger *not said here* | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | | 4 | **call** *speech: assert* | present | bulls *= bull* | | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **take** *in a quote* | gerund | bulls *= bull* *not said here* | | the bull | | | by the horns | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument bull=Destination | | 6 | **gripe** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | spell *not said here* | danger | | | | by the tail | tree rules | | 7 | **is a** | present | the favorite method | the same thing | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **be** | present | that | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **throw** | to-infinitive | | | | | | aside fear | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 10 | **overcome** | infinitive | | the peril | | | | | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot peril=Theme | | 11 | **despise** | gerund | | spell | | | | | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 86](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg976/28/86/) - next →: [sentence 88](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg976/28/88/) - ↑ back to [The Golden Fleece., part 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg976/28/)