---
title: By his advice, the heroes had seated themselves on the benches of th… — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: By his advice, the heroes had seated themselves on the benches of the galley, with their oars held perpendicularly, ready to let fall into the water. Who acts: advice. A sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Golden Fleece., part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# Tanglewood Tales, The Golden Fleece., part 5, sentence 111

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By his advice, the heroes had seated themselves on the benches of the galley, with their oars held perpendicularly, ready to let fall into the water.

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**Who acts:** advice · **What happens:** seat, hold, let, fall · **To what, where:** heroes, benches, oars, water

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This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Golden Fleece., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (advice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg976:29:111
# text = By his advice, the heroes had seated themselves on the benches of the galley, with their oars held perpendicularly, ready to let fall into the water.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	heroes	hero	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	seated	seat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	8	obj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	benches	bench	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	galley	galley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	oars	oar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
20	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	acl	_	_
21	perpendicularly	perpendicularly	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
26	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	xcomp	_	_
27	into	into	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seat** | past · perfect · passive | bade's advice | the heroes |  | the benches of the galley |  | with heroes's oars | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold** | participle |  | heroes's oars *not said here* |  |  |  | perpendicularly *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **let** | to-infinitive | bade's advice *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **fall** | infinitive | bade's advice *not said here* |  |  |  |  | into the water *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into water=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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