---
title: "Ah, my dear son," answered Aethra, with a sigh, "a monarch has his… — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: "Ah, my dear son," answered Aethra, with a sigh, "a monarch has his people to take care of. Who acts: dear son, monarch, people. A sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Minotaur., part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Tanglewood Tales, The Minotaur., part 1, sentence 8

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"Ah, my dear son," answered Aethra, with a sigh, "a monarch has his people to take care of.

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**Who acts:** dear son, monarch, people · **What happens:** answer, have, take · **To what, where:** Aethra, people, care · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Minotaur., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dear son, monarch, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg976:3:8
# text = "Ah, my dear son," answered Aethra, with a sigh, "a monarch has his people to take care of.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ah	ah	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	dear	dear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
9	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	Aethra	Aethra	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sigh	sigh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	monarch	monarch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	_
24	care	care	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | my dear son |  | Aethra |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent aethra=Eventuality |
| 2 | **have** *in a quote* | present | a monarch | son's people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **take** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | son's people *not said here* | care |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent care=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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