---
title: Here the Pygmies used to plant wheat and other kinds of grain, which… — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Here the Pygmies used to plant wheat and other kinds of grain, which, when it grew up and ripened, overshadowed these tiny people as the pines, and the oaks, and the walnut and chestnut trees overshadow you and me, when we walk in our own tracts of woodland. Who acts: Pygmies, wheat, walnut, we. A s
---

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# Tanglewood Tales, The Pygmies., part 1, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Here the Pygmies used to plant wheat and other kinds of grain, which, when it grew up and ripened, overshadowed these tiny people as the pines, and the oaks, and the walnut and chestnut trees overshadow you and me, when we walk in our own tracts of woodland.

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**Who acts:** Pygmies, wheat, walnut, we · **What happens:** use, plant, grow up, ripen, overshadow, walk · **To what, where:** oaks, wheat, you, own tracts

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This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Pygmies., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pygmies, wheat, walnut, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg976:7:12
# text = Here the Pygmies used to plant wheat and other kinds of grain, which, when it grew up and ripened, overshadowed these tiny people as the pines, and the oaks, and the walnut and chestnut trees overshadow you and me, when we walk in our own tracts of woodland.
1	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Pygmies	pygmy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	plant	plant	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
19	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	ripened	ripen	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	overshadowed	overshadow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	conj	_	_
24	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	26	det	_	_
25	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl:agent	_	_
27	as	as	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	pines	pine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	oaks	oak	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	walnut	walnut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
39	chestnut	chestnut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	compound	_	_
40	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	conj	_	_
41	overshadow	overshadow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
42	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	41	obj	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
44	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	42	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
46	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	48	mark	_	_
47	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	48	nsubj	_	_
48	walk	walk	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	conj	_	_
49	in	in	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
50	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	52	nmod:poss	_	_
51	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	52	amod	_	_
52	tracts	tract	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	48	obl	_	_
53	of	of	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
54	woodland	woodland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | the Pygmies | the oaks |  | here |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **plant** | to-infinitive | the Pygmies *not said here* | wheat and other kinds of grain |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheat=Patient |
| 3 | **grow up** | past | wheat and other kinds of grain |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **ripen** | participle | wheat and other kinds of grain *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **overshadow** | participle | wheat and other kinds of grain *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as the pines | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **overshadow** | present | the walnut and chestnut trees | you |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent you=Patient |
| 7 | **walk** | present | we |  |  | our own tracts of woodland |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tract=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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