---
title: There he was, with the sun flaming on his golden helmet, and flashin… — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: There he was, with the sun flaming on his golden helmet, and flashing from his polished breastplate; he had a sword by his side, and a lion's skin over his back, and on his right shoulder he carried a club, which looked bulkier and heavier than the pine-tree walking stick of Antaeus. Who acts: sun, 
---

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# Tanglewood Tales, The Pygmies., part 2, sentence 20

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There he was, with the sun flaming on his golden helmet, and flashing from his polished breastplate; he had a sword by his side, and a lion's skin over his back, and on his right shoulder he carried a club, which looked bulkier and heavier than the pine-tree walking stick of Antaeus.

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**Who acts:** sun, stranger, club, pine tree · **What happens:** flame, flash, polish, have, be, look · **To what, where:** golden helmet, polished breastplate, sword, right shoulder, stick

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This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Pygmies., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, stranger, club, pine tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg976:8:20
# text = There he was, with the sun flaming on his golden helmet, and flashing from his polished breastplate; he had a sword by his side, and a lion's skin over his back, and on his right shoulder he carried a club, which looked bulkier and heavier than the pine-tree walking stick of Antaeus.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	44	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
8	flaming	flame	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	helmet	helmet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	flashing	flash	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	conj	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	polished	polish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	amod	_	_
19	breastplate	breastplate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	by	by	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	's	's	PART	POS	_	31	case	_	_
33	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
34	over	over	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
39	on	on	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
40	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
41	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	_
43	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
44	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
45	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
48	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	49	nsubj	_	_
49	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	46	acl:relcl	_	_
50	bulkier	bulky	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	49	xcomp	_	_
51	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
52	heavier	heavy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	50	conj	_	_
53	than	than	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	57	det	_	_
55	pine	pine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	55	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obl	_	_
58	walking	walk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	57	acl	_	_
59	stick	stick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	obj	_	_
60	of	of	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
61	Antaeus	Antaeus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	59	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	44	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flame** | gerund | the sun *not said here* |  |  | stranger's golden helmet |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on helmet=Location |
| 2 | **flash** | gerund | the sun *not said here* |  |  | stranger's polished breastplate |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **polish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **have** | past | stranger | a sword |  |  |  | by stranger's side; a lion's skin over stranger's back *obl* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Patient |
| 5 | **is** | past | stranger |  |  | stranger's right shoulder |  | carry *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **look** | past | a club |  |  |  |  | bulky *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 7 | **walk** | gerund | the pine tree *not said here* | stick of Antaeus |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme stick=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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