---
title: Everything being in readiness, a torch was applied to the pile, whic… — Tanglewood Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Everything being in readiness, a torch was applied to the pile, which immediately burst into flames, and soon waxed hot enough to roast the enemy, had he but chosen to lie still. Who acts: Everything, readiness. A sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Pygmies., part 3, with its 
---

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# Tanglewood Tales, The Pygmies., part 3, sentence 49

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Everything being in readiness, a torch was applied to the pile, which immediately burst into flames, and soon waxed hot enough to roast the enemy, had he but chosen to lie still.

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**Who acts:** Everything, readiness · **What happens:** be, apply, burst, wax, roast, have · **To what, where:** readiness, torch, pile, flames, enemy, Hercules

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This is a sentence of «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Pygmies., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Everything, readiness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg976:9:49
# text = Everything being in readiness, a torch was applied to the pile, which immediately burst into flames, and soon waxed hot enough to roast the enemy, had he but chosen to lie still.
1	Everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	4	nsubj	_	_
2	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	readiness	readiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	torch	torch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	applied	apply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	obj	_	_
15	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	burst	burst	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	flames	flame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	22	advmod	_	_
22	waxed	wax	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
23	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	xcomp	_	_
24	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	roast	roast	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	advcl	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	obj	_	_
32	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	chosen	choose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	conj	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	xcomp	_	_
36	still	still	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund | Everything |  |  | readiness |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **apply** | past · passive | readiness *not said here* | a torch |  |  |  | to the pile | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **burst** | present |  | the pile |  | flames |  | immediately *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location which=Theme |
| 4 | **wax** | past |  |  |  |  |  | hot, soon *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **roast** | to-infinitive |  | the enemy |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent enemy=Patient |
| 6 | **have** | past |  | Hercules |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
| 7 | **choose** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **lie** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Tanglewood Tales» by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Project Gutenberg book 976 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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