--- title: Deuteronomy 10:18 — He doth execute justice for the fatherless and widow, and loveth the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: He doth execute justice for the fatherless and widow, and loveth the stranger, in giving him food and raiment. Who acts: LORD. Deuteronomy 10:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.10.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/10/) / 10:18 # Deuteronomy 10:18 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** execute, love, give · **To what, where:** justice, stranger, food, LORD This is Deuteronomy 10:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to justice, stranger, food, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. עֹשֶׂ֛ה מִשְׁפַּ֥ט יָת֖וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֑ה וְאֹהֵ֣ב גֵּ֔ר לָ֥תֶת ל֖וֹ לֶ֥חֶם וְשִׂמְלָֽה׃ [He doth execute justice for the fatherless and widow, and loveth the stranger, in giving him food and raiment.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.314/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:311 # text = עֹשֶׂ֛ה מִשְׁפַּ֥ט יָת֖וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֑ה וְאֹהֵ֣ב גֵּ֔ר לָ֥תֶת ל֖וֹ לֶ֥חֶם וְשִׂמְלָֽה׃ # verse = DEU.10.18 1 עֹשֶׂ֛ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[he.is].bringing.about|Ref=DEU_10:18!1|MId=o050100180011|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:050100170021;A1:050100180021;|Type=participle_active 2 מִשְׁפַּ֥ט מִשְׁפָּט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obj _ Gloss=judgment|Ref=DEU_10:18!2|MId=o050100180021|Strong=4941 3 יָת֖וֹם יָתוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.fatherless.one|Ref=DEU_10:18!3|MId=o050100180031|Strong=3490 4-5 וְאַלְמָנָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_10:18!4|MId=o050100180041|Strong=2050b 5 אַלְמָנָ֑ה אַלְמָנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=a.widow|Ref=DEU_10:18!4|MId=o050100180042|Strong=0490 6-7 וְאֹהֵ֣ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_10:18!5|MId=o050100180051|Strong=2050b 7 אֹהֵ֣ב אָהֵב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=[he.is].loving|Ref=DEU_10:18!5|MId=o050100180052|Strong=0157|Frame=A0:050100170021;A1:050100180061;|Type=participle_active 8 גֵּ֔ר גֵּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obj _ Gloss=a.sojourner|Ref=DEU_10:18!6|MId=o050100180061|Strong=1616 9-10 לָ֥תֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לָ֥ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_10:18!7|MId=o050100180071|Strong=3807a 10 תֶת נָתַן VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 7 advcl _ Gloss=give|Ref=DEU_10:18!7|MId=o050100180072|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:050100170021;A1:050100180091;050100180102;|Type=infinitive_construct 11-12 ל֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 ל לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_10:18!8|MId=o050100180081|Strong=3807a 12 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=DEU_10:18!8|MId=o050100180082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13 לֶ֥חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=food|Ref=DEU_10:18!9|MId=o050100180091|Strong=3899 14-15 וְשִׂמְלָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_10:18!10|MId=o050100180101|Strong=2050b 15 שִׂמְלָֽה שִׂמְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 conj _ Gloss=clothing|Ref=DEU_10:18!10|MId=o050100180102|Strong=8071 16 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 15 punct _ Ref=DEU_10:18!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֹשֶׂה *\[he is\] bringing about* | participle active · qal | | מִשְׁפַּט *judgment* | | | | אֹהֵב *\[he is\] loving* | participle active · qal | | גֵּר *a sojourner* | | | | תֶת *give* | infinitive construct · qal | | לֶחֶם *food* + שִׂמְלָֽה *clothing* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} עָבֵד דִין יִתַּם וְאַרְמְלָא וְרָחֵם גִיוֹרָא לְמִתַּן לֵהּ מְזוֹנָא וּכְסוּ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [He doth execute justice for the fatherless and widow, and loveth the stranger, in giving him food and raiment.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.314/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:311`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 10:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.10.17/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 10:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.10.19/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/10/)