--- title: Deuteronomy 11:4 — and what He did unto the army of Egypt, unto their horses, and to th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and what He did unto the army of Egypt, unto their horses, and to their chariots; how He made the water of the Red Sea to overflow them as they pursued after you, and how the LORD hath destroyed them unto this day; Who acts: God, works, LORD. Deuteronomy 11:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targ --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.11.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/11/) / 11:4 # Deuteronomy 11:4 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** God, works, LORD · **What happens:** do, make, overflow, pursue, destroy · **To what, where:** water, works This is Deuteronomy 11:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God, works, LORD — and what happens in the verse to water, works, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂה֩ לְחֵ֨יל מִצְרַ֜יִם לְסוּסָ֣יו וּלְרִכְבּ֗וֹ אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵצִ֜יף אֶת־מֵ֤י יַם־סוּף֙ עַל־פְּנֵיהֶ֔ם בְּרָדְפָ֖ם אַחֲרֵיכֶ֑ם וַיְאַבְּדֵ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ [and what He did unto the army of Egypt, unto their horses, and to their chariots; how He made the water of the Red Sea to overflow them as they pursued after you, and how the LORD hath destroyed them unto this day;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.322/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:319 # text = וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂה֩ לְחֵ֨יל מִצְרַ֜יִם לְסוּסָ֣יו וּלְרִכְבּ֗וֹ אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵצִ֜יף אֶת־מֵ֤י יַם־סוּף֙ עַל־פְּנֵיהֶ֔ם בְּרָדְפָ֖ם אַחֲרֵיכֶ֑ם וַיְאַבְּדֵ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ # verse = DEU.11.4 1-2 וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_11:4!1|MId=o050110040011|Strong=2050b 2 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_11:4!1|MId=o050110040012|Strong=0834|Type=relative 3 עָשָׂה֩ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.did|Ref=DEU_11:4!2|MId=o050110040021|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:050110020151;|Type=qatal 4-5 לְחֵ֨יל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_11:4!3|MId=o050110040031|Strong=3807a 5 חֵ֨יל חַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=the.army|Ref=DEU_11:4!3|MId=o050110040032|Strong=2428 6 מִצְרַ֜יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=DEU_11:4!4|MId=o050110040041|Strong=4714 7-9 לְסוּסָ֣יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_11:4!5|MId=o050110040051|Strong=3807a 8 סוּסָ֣י סוּס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 conj _ Gloss=horses|Ref=DEU_11:4!5|MId=o050110040052|Strong=5483 9 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=DEU_11:4!5|MId=o050110040053|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10-13 וּלְרִכְבּ֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_11:4!6|MId=o050110040061|Strong=2050b 11 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_11:4!6|MId=o050110040062|Strong=3807a 12 רִכְבּ רֶכֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=chariotry|Ref=DEU_11:4!6|MId=o050110040063|Strong=7393 13 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=DEU_11:4!6|MId=o050110040064|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=DEU_11:4!7|MId=o050110040071|Strong=0834|Type=relative 15 הֵצִ֜יף צוּף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=he.caused.to.flow|Ref=DEU_11:4!8|MId=o050110040081|Strong=6687|Frame=AA:050110020151;A0:050110040101;|Type=qatal 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_11:4!9|MId=o050110040091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 17 מֵ֤י מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 obj _ Gloss=[the].water|Ref=DEU_11:4!10|MId=o050110040101|Strong=4325 18 יַם־ יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].sea|Ref=DEU_11:4!11|MId=o050110040111|Strong=3220|SpaceAfter=No 19 סוּף֙ סוּף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.reed[s]|Ref=DEU_11:4!12|MId=o050110040121|Strong=5488 20 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=DEU_11:4!13|MId=o050110040131|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 21-22 פְּנֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 פְּנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 15 obl _ Gloss=faces|Ref=DEU_11:4!14|MId=o050110040141|Strong=6440 22 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=DEU_11:4!14|MId=o050110040142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 23-25 בְּרָדְפָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=DEU_11:4!15|MId=o050110040151|Strong=0871a 24 רָדְפ רָדַף VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 15 advcl _ Gloss=pursued|Ref=DEU_11:4!15|MId=o050110040152|Strong=7291|Frame=A0:050110040153;|Type=infinitive_construct 25 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=DEU_11:4!15|MId=o050110040153|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 26-27 אַחֲרֵיכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 אַחֲרֵי אַחַר ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=DEU_11:4!16|MId=o050110040161|Strong=0310 27 כֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_11:4!16|MId=o050110040162|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 28-30 וַיְאַבְּדֵ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_11:4!17|MId=o050110040171|Strong=2050b 29 יְאַבְּד אָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=DEU_11:4!17|MId=o050110040172|Strong=0006|Frame=A1:050110040173;A0:050110040181;|Type=wayyiqtol 30 ֵ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obj _ Gloss=destroyed.them|Ref=DEU_11:4!17|MId=o050110040173|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 31 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 29 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=DEU_11:4!18|MId=o050110040181|Strong=3068 32 עַ֖ד עַד ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=DEU_11:4!19|MId=o050110040191|Strong=5704 33-34 הַיּ֥וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_11:4!20|MId=o050110040201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 יּ֥וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=DEU_11:4!20|MId=o050110040202|Strong=3117 35-36 הַזֶּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_11:4!21|MId=o050110040211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 זֶּֽה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 34 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=DEU_11:4!21|MId=o050110040212|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=DEU_11:4!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָשָׂה *he did* | qatal · qal | | | | | | הֵצִיף *he caused to flow* | qatal · hiphil | מֵי *\[the\] water* | | | | | רָדְפ *pursued* | infinitive construct · qal | ָם *they* | | | | | יְאַבְּד *he* | wayyiqtol · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ֵם *destroyed them* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְדִי עֲבַד לְמַשִׁרְיַת מִצְרַיִם לְסוּסְוָתֵהּ וְלִרְתִיכוֹהִי דִי אַטִיף יָת מֵי יַמָא דְסוּף עַל אַפֵּיהוֹן בְּמִרְדָפְהוֹן בַּתְרֵיכוֹן וְאוֹבָדִנוּן יְיָ עַד יוֹמָא הָדֵין The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and what He did unto the army of Egypt, unto their horses, and to their chariots; how He made the water of the Red Sea to overflow them as they pursued after you, and how the LORD hath destroyed them unto this day;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.322/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:319`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 11:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.11.3/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 11:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.11.5/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/11/)