--- title: Deuteronomy 12:20 — When the LORD thy God shall enlarge thy border, as He hath promised… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: When the LORD thy God shall enlarge thy border, as He hath promised thee, and thou shalt say: 'I will eat flesh', because thy soul desireth to eat flesh; thou mayest eat flesh, after all the desire of thy soul. Who acts: LORD, thou, I, soul. Deuteronomy 12:20 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targ --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.12.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/12/) / 12:20 # Deuteronomy 12:20 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** LORD, thou, I, soul · **What happens:** enlarge, promise, say, eat, desire · **To what, where:** border, thee, flesh, soul · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Deuteronomy 12:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, thou, I, soul — and what happens in the verse to border, thee, flesh, soul, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּֽי־יַרְחִיב֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֥יךָ אֶֽת־גְּבֽוּלְךָ֮ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּר־לָךְ֒ וְאָמַרְתָּ֙ אֹכְלָ֣ה בָשָׂ֔ר כִּֽי־תְאַוֶּ֥ה נַפְשְׁךָ֖ לֶאֱכֹ֣ל בָּשָׂ֑ר בְּכָל־אַוַּ֥ת נַפְשְׁךָ֖ תֹּאכַ֥ל בָּשָֽׂר׃ [When the LORD thy God shall enlarge thy border, as He hath promised thee, and thou shalt say: 'I will eat flesh', because thy soul desireth to eat flesh; thou mayest eat flesh, after all the desire of thy soul.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.370/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:367 # text = כִּֽי־יַרְחִיב֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֥יךָ אֶֽת־גְּבֽוּלְךָ֮ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּר־לָךְ֒ וְאָמַרְתָּ֙ אֹכְלָ֣ה בָשָׂ֔ר כִּֽי־תְאַוֶּ֥ה נַפְשְׁךָ֖ לֶאֱכֹ֣ל בָּשָׂ֑ר בְּכָל־אַוַּ֥ת נַפְשְׁךָ֖ תֹּאכַ֥ל בָּשָֽׂר׃ # verse = DEU.12.20 1 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=DEU_12:20!1|MId=o050120200011|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 2 יַרְחִיב֩ רָחַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.will.enlarge|Ref=DEU_12:20!2|MId=o050120200021|Strong=7337|Frame=AA:050120200031;A0:050120200061;|Type=yiqtol 3 יְהוָ֨ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=DEU_12:20!3|MId=o050120200031|Strong=3068 4-5 אֱלֹהֶ֥יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 אֱלֹהֶ֥י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=DEU_12:20!4|MId=o050120200041|Strong=0430 5 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_12:20!4|MId=o050120200042|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 6 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_12:20!5|MId=o050120200051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 גְּבֽוּלְךָ֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 גְּבֽוּל גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=territory|Ref=DEU_12:20!6|MId=o050120200061|Strong=1366 8 ְךָ֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_12:20!6|MId=o050120200062|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 9-10 כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=just|Ref=DEU_12:20!7|MId=o050120200071|Strong=3509a 10 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=DEU_12:20!7|MId=o050120200072|Strong=0834|Type=relative 11 דִּבֶּר־ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.spoke|Ref=DEU_12:20!8|MId=o050120200081|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:050120200031;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 לָךְ֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 ל לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_12:20!9|MId=o050120200091|Strong=3807a 13 ָךְ֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_12:20!9|MId=o050120200092|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 14-15 וְאָמַרְתָּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_12:20!10|MId=o050120200101|Strong=2050b 15 אָמַרְתָּ֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.say|Ref=DEU_12:20!10|MId=o050120200102|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:050110060261;|Type=weqatal 16 אֹכְלָ֣ה אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 15 ccomp _ Gloss=I.want.to.eat|Ref=DEU_12:20!11|MId=o050120200111|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:050110060261;A1:050120200121;|Type=cohortative 17 בָשָׂ֔ר בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=meat|Ref=DEU_12:20!12|MId=o050120200121|Strong=1320 18 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=DEU_12:20!13|MId=o050120200131|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 19 תְאַוֶּ֥ה אָוָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 advcl _ Gloss=it.will.desire|Ref=DEU_12:20!14|MId=o050120200141|Strong=0183|Frame=A0:050120200151;|Type=yiqtol 20-21 נַפְשְׁךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 נַפְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=appetite|Ref=DEU_12:20!15|MId=o050120200151|Strong=5315 21 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_12:20!15|MId=o050120200152|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 22-23 לֶאֱכֹ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לֶ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_12:20!16|MId=o050120200161|Strong=3807a 23 אֱכֹ֣ל אָכַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 19 advcl _ Gloss=eat|Ref=DEU_12:20!16|MId=o050120200162|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:050120200151;A1:050120200171;|Type=infinitive_construct 24 בָּשָׂ֑ר בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obj _ Gloss=meat|Ref=DEU_12:20!17|MId=o050120200171|Strong=1320 25-26 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DEU_12:20!18|MId=o050120200181|Strong=0871a 26 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=DEU_12:20!18|MId=o050120200182|Strong=3605 27 אַוַּ֥ת אַוָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.desire|Ref=DEU_12:20!19|MId=o050120200191|Strong=0185 28-29 נַפְשְׁךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 נַפְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.self|Ref=DEU_12:20!20|MId=o050120200201|Strong=5315 29 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_12:20!20|MId=o050120200202|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 30 תֹּאכַ֥ל אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 16 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.eat|Ref=DEU_12:20!21|MId=o050120200211|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:050110060261;A1:050120200221;|Type=yiqtol 31 בָּשָֽׂר בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 obj _ Gloss=meat|Ref=DEU_12:20!22|MId=o050120200221|Strong=1320|SpaceAfter=No 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=DEU_12:20!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַרְחִיב *he will enlarge* | yiqtol · hiphil | גְּבֽוּל *territory* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | דִּבֶּר־ *he spoke* | qatal · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | אָמַרְתָּ *you will say* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | אֹכְלָה *I want to eat* | cohortative · qal | | בָשָׂר *meat* | | | | תְאַוֶּה *it will desire* | yiqtol · piel | נַפְשׁ *appetite* | | | | | אֱכֹל *eat* | infinitive construct · qal | נַפְשׁ *appetite* | בָּשָׂר *meat* | | | | תֹּאכַל *you will eat* | yiqtol · qal | | בָּשָֽׂר *meat* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} אֲרֵי יַפְתֵּי יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ יָת תְּחוּמָךְ כְּמָא דִי מַלִיל לָךְ וְתֵימַר אֵיכוּל בִּשְׂרָא אֲרֵי תִתִּרְעֵי נַפְשָׁךְ לְמֵיכַל בִּשְׂרָא בְּכָל רְעוּת נַפְשָׁךְ תֵּיכוּל בִּשְׂרָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [When the LORD thy God shall enlarge thy border, as He hath promised thee, and thou shalt say: 'I will eat flesh', because thy soul desireth to eat flesh; thou mayest eat flesh, after all the desire of thy soul.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.370/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:367`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 12:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.12.19/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 12:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.12.21/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/12/)