--- title: Deuteronomy 16:3 — Thou shalt eat no leavened bread with it; seven days shalt thou eat… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Thou shalt eat no leavened bread with it; seven days shalt thou eat unleavened bread therewith, even the bread of affliction; for in haste didst thou come forth out of the land of Egypt; that thou mayest remember the day when thou camest forth out of the land of Egypt all the days of thy life. 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The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou — and what happens in the verse to leavened bread, unleavened bread, haste, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לֹא־תֹאכַ֤ל עָלָיו֙ חָמֵ֔ץ שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִ֛ים תֹּֽאכַל־עָלָ֥יו מַצּ֖וֹת לֶ֣חֶם עֹ֑נִי כִּ֣י בְחִפָּז֗וֹן יָצָ֙אתָ֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם לְמַ֣עַן תִּזְכֹּר֔אֶת־י֤וֹם צֵֽאתְךָ֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֥י חַיֶּֽיךָ׃ [Thou shalt eat no leavened bread with it; seven days shalt thou eat unleavened bread therewith, even the bread of affliction; for in haste didst thou come forth out of the land of Egypt; that thou mayest remember the day when thou camest forth out of the land of Egypt all the days of thy life.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.458/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:452 # text = לֹא־תֹאכַ֤ל עָלָיו֙ חָמֵ֔ץ שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִ֛ים תֹּֽאכַל־עָלָ֥יו מַצּ֖וֹת לֶ֣חֶם עֹ֑נִי כִּ֣י בְחִפָּז֗וֹן יָצָ֙אתָ֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם לְמַ֣עַן תִּזְכֹּר֔אֶת־י֤וֹם צֵֽאתְךָ֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֥י חַיֶּֽיךָ׃ # verse = DEU.16.3 1 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_16:3!1|MId=o050160030011|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 2 תֹאכַ֤ל אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.eat|Ref=DEU_16:3!2|MId=o050160030021|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:050130120021;A1:050160030041;|Type=yiqtol 3-4 עָלָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 עָלָי עַל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DEU_16:3!3|MId=o050160030031|Strong=5921 4 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=DEU_16:3!3|MId=o050160030032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5 חָמֵ֔ץ חָמֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=leaven|Ref=DEU_16:3!4|MId=o050160030041|Strong=2557 6 שִׁבְעַ֥ת שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nummod _ Gloss=seven|Ref=DEU_16:3!5|MId=o050160030051|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 7 יָמִ֛ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=DEU_16:3!6|MId=o050160030061|Strong=3117 8 תֹּֽאכַל־ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.eat|Ref=DEU_16:3!7|MId=o050160030071|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:050130120021;A1:050160030091;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 עָלָ֥יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 עָלָ֥י עַל ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DEU_16:3!8|MId=o050160030081|Strong=5921 10 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=DEU_16:3!8|MId=o050160030082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11 מַצּ֖וֹת מַצָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 8 obj _ Gloss=unleavened.bread(s)|Ref=DEU_16:3!9|MId=o050160030091|Strong=4682 12 לֶ֣חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 11 appos _ Gloss=bread|Ref=DEU_16:3!10|MId=o050160030101|Strong=3899 13 עֹ֑נִי עֳנִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.affliction|Ref=DEU_16:3!11|MId=o050160030111|Strong=6040 14 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=DEU_16:3!12|MId=o050160030121|Strong=3588 15-16 בְחִפָּז֗וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DEU_16:3!13|MId=o050160030131|Strong=0871a 16 חִפָּז֗וֹן חִפָּזוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=haste|Ref=DEU_16:3!13|MId=o050160030132|Strong=2649 17 יָצָ֙אתָ֙ יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 advcl _ Gloss=you.came.out|Ref=DEU_16:3!14|MId=o050160030141|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:050130120021;|Type=qatal 18-19 מֵאֶ֣רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DEU_16:3!15|MId=o050160030151|Strong=4480 19 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=DEU_16:3!15|MId=o050160030152|Strong=0776 20 מִצְרַ֔יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=DEU_16:3!16|MId=o050160030161|Strong=4714 21 לְמַ֣עַן לְמַעַן SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=so.that|Ref=DEU_16:3!17|MId=o050160030171|Strong=4616 22-23 תִּזְכֹּר֔אֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 תִּזְכֹּר֔ זָכַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=you.may.remember|Ref=DEU_16:3!18|MId=o050160030181|Strong=2142|Frame=A0:050130120021;A1:050160030201;|Type=yiqtol 23 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_16:3!19|MId=o050160030191|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 24 י֤וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=the.day|Ref=DEU_16:3!20|MId=o050160030201|Strong=3117 25-26 צֵֽאתְךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 צֵֽאת יָצָא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 24 acl _ Gloss=of|Ref=DEU_16:3!21|MId=o050160030211|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:050160030212;|Type=infinitive_construct 26 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ Gloss=your.coming.out|Ref=DEU_16:3!21|MId=o050160030212|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 27-28 מֵאֶ֣רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DEU_16:3!22|MId=o050160030221|Strong=4480 28 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=DEU_16:3!22|MId=o050160030222|Strong=0776 29 מִצְרַ֔יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=DEU_16:3!23|MId=o050160030231|Strong=4714 30 כֹּ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=DEU_16:3!24|MId=o050160030241|Strong=3605 31 יְמֵ֥י יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.days|Ref=DEU_16:3!25|MId=o050160030251|Strong=3117 32-33 חַיֶּֽיךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 חַיֶּֽי חַיִּים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.life|Ref=DEU_16:3!26|MId=o050160030261|Strong=2416 33 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_16:3!26|MId=o050160030262|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=DEU_16:3!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** תֹאכַל *you will eat* | yiqtol · qal | | חָמֵץ *leaven* | | | | תֹּֽאכַל־ *you will eat* | yiqtol · qal | | מַצּוֹת *unleavened bread(s)* | | | | יָצָאתָ *you came out* | qatal · qal | | | | | | תִּזְכֹּר *you may remember* | yiqtol · qal | | יוֹם *the day* | | | | צֵֽאת *of* | infinitive construct · qal | ְךָ *your coming out* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} לָא תֵיכוּל עֲלוֹהִי חֲמִיעַ שִׁבְעָא יוֹמִין תֵּיכוּל עֲלוֹהִי פַטִיר לְחֵם עֹנִי אֲרֵי בִּבְהִילוּ נְפַקְתָּא מֵאַרְעָא דְמִצְרַיִם בְּדִיל דְתִדְכַּר יָת יוֹמָא מִפְּקָךְ מֵאַרְעָא דְמִצְרַיִם כָּל יוֹמֵי חַיָיךְ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Thou shalt eat no leavened bread with it; seven days shalt thou eat unleavened bread therewith, even the bread of affliction; for in haste didst thou come forth out of the land of Egypt; that thou mayest remember the day when thou camest forth out of the land of Egypt all the days of thy life.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.458/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:452`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 16:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.16.2/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 16:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.16.4/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/16/)