--- title: Deuteronomy 19:4 — And this is the case of the manslayer, that shall flee thither and l… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And this is the case of the manslayer, that shall flee thither and live: whoso killeth his neighbour unawares, and hated him not in time past; Who acts: this, manslayer, whoso. Deuteronomy 19:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.19.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/19/) / 19:4 # Deuteronomy 19:4 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** this, manslayer, whoso · **What happens:** be, flee, live, kill, not hate · **To what, where:** case, neighbour, manslayer This is Deuteronomy 19:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — this, manslayer, whoso — and what happens in the verse to case, neighbour, manslayer, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְזֶה֙ דְּבַ֣ר הָרֹצֵ֔חַ אֲשֶׁר־יָנ֥וּס שָׁ֖מָּה וָחָ֑י אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַכֶּ֤ה אֶת־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ בִּבְלִי־דַ֔עַת וְה֛וּא לֹא־שֹׂנֵ֥א ל֖וֹ מִתְּמֹ֥ל שִׁלְשֹֽׁם׃ [And this is the case of the manslayer, that shall flee thither and live: whoso killeth his neighbour unawares, and hated him not in time past;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.524/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:517 # text = וְזֶה֙ דְּבַ֣ר הָרֹצֵ֔חַ אֲשֶׁר־יָנ֥וּס שָׁ֖מָּה וָחָ֑י אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַכֶּ֤ה אֶת־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ בִּבְלִי־דַ֔עַת וְה֛וּא לֹא־שֹׂנֵ֥א ל֖וֹ מִתְּמֹ֥ל שִׁלְשֹֽׁם׃ # verse = DEU.19.4 1-2 וְזֶה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_19:4!1|MId=o050190040011|Strong=2050b 2 זֶה֙ זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 0 root _ Gloss=this|Ref=DEU_19:4!1|MId=o050190040012|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 3 דְּבַ֣ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=[will.be].the.case|Ref=DEU_19:4!2|MId=o050190040021|Strong=1697 4-5 הָרֹצֵ֔חַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=of|Ref=DEU_19:4!3|MId=o050190040031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 רֹצֵ֔חַ רָצַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.killer|Ref=DEU_19:4!3|MId=o050190040032|Strong=7523|Type=participle_active 6 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=DEU_19:4!4|MId=o050190040041|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 7 יָנ֥וּס נוּס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.will.flee|Ref=DEU_19:4!5|MId=o050190040051|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:050190040032;|Type=yiqtol 8-9 שָׁ֖מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 שָׁ֖מּ שָׁם ADV _ _ 7 advmod _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_19:4!6|MId=o050190040061|Strong=8033 9 ָה ה X _ _ 8 nmod _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=DEU_19:4!6|MId=o050190040062|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 10-11 וָחָ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_19:4!7|MId=o050190040071|Strong=2050b 11 חָ֑י חיה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=he.will.live|Ref=DEU_19:4!7|MId=o050190040072|Strong=2421|Frame=A0:050190040032;|Type=weqatal 12 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=[one].who|Ref=DEU_19:4!8|MId=o050190040081|Strong=0834|Type=relative 13 יַכֶּ֤ה נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.will.strike.down|Ref=DEU_19:4!9|MId=o050190040091|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:050190040032;A0:050190040111;|Type=yiqtol 14 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_19:4!10|MId=o050190040101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 15-16 רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 רֵע רֵעַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=companion|Ref=DEU_19:4!11|MId=o050190040111|Strong=7453 16 ֵ֙הוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DEU_19:4!11|MId=o050190040112|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 17-18 בִּבְלִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DEU_19:4!12|MId=o050190040121|Strong=0871a 18 בְלִי־ בְּלִי ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_19:4!12|MId=o050190040122|Strong=1097 19 דַ֔עַת דַּעַת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=knowledge|Ref=DEU_19:4!13|MId=o050190040131|Strong=1847 20-21 וְה֛וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_19:4!14|MId=o050190040141|Strong=2050b 21 ה֛וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=DEU_19:4!14|MId=o050190040142|Strong=1931|Type=personal 22 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_19:4!15|MId=o050190040151|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 23 שֹׂנֵ֥א שָׂנֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 13 conj _ Gloss=[was].hating|Ref=DEU_19:4!16|MId=o050190040161|Strong=8130|Frame=A0:050190040142;|Type=participle_active 24-25 ל֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 ל לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=DEU_19:4!17|MId=o050190040171|Strong=3807a 25 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=DEU_19:4!17|MId=o050190040172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26-27 מִתְּמֹ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DEU_19:4!18|MId=o050190040181|Strong=4480 27 תְּמֹ֥ל תְּמוֹל ADV _ _ 23 obl _ Gloss=yesterday|Ref=DEU_19:4!18|MId=o050190040182|Strong=8543 28 שִׁלְשֹֽׁם שִׁלְשֹׁום ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 advmod _ Gloss=[the].third.day|Ref=DEU_19:4!19|MId=o050190040191|Strong=8032|SpaceAfter=No 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=DEU_19:4!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָנוּס *he will flee* | yiqtol · qal | רֹצֵחַ *the killer* | | | | | חָי *he will live* | weqatal · qal | רֹצֵחַ *the killer* | | | | | יַכֶּה *he will strike down* | yiqtol · hiphil | רֵע *companion* | | | רֹצֵחַ *the killer* | | **not** שֹׂנֵא *\[was\] hating* | participle active · qal | הוּא *he* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְדֵין פִּתְגַם קָטוֹלָא דְיֵעִרוֹק תַּמָן וְיִתְקַיַם דִי יִקְטוֹל יָת חַבְרֵהּ בְּלָא מַנְדְעֵהּ וְהוּא לָא סָנֵי לֵהּ מֵאִתְמַלֵי וּמִדְקָמוֹהִי The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And this is the case of the manslayer, that shall flee thither and live: whoso killeth his neighbour unawares, and hated him not in time past;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.524/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:517`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 19:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.19.3/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 19:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.19.5/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/19/)