--- title: Deuteronomy 2:4 — And command thou the people, saying: Ye are to pass through the bord… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And command thou the people, saying: Ye are to pass through the border of your brethren the children of Esau, that dwell in Seir; and they will be afraid of you; take ye good heed unto yourselves therefore; Who acts: thou, Ye, children, people. Deuteronomy 2:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Tar --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.2.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/2/) / 2:4 # Deuteronomy 2:4 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** thou, Ye, children, people · **What happens:** command, say, be, dwell, take · **To what, where:** people, border, Seir, good heed · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Deuteronomy 2:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, Ye, children, people — and what happens in the verse to people, border, Seir, good heed, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאֶת־הָעָם֮ צַ֣ו לֵאמֹר֒ אַתֶּ֣ם עֹֽבְרִ֗ים בִּגְבוּל֙ אֲחֵיכֶ֣ם בְּנֵי־עֵשָׂ֔ו הַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בְּשֵׂעִ֑יר וְיִֽירְא֣וּ מִכֶּ֔ם וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֖ם מְאֹֽד׃ [And command thou the people, saying: Ye are to pass through the border of your brethren the children of Esau, that dwell in Seir; and they will be afraid of you; take ye good heed unto yourselves therefore;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.49/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:49 # text = וְאֶת־הָעָם֮ צַ֣ו לֵאמֹר֒ אַתֶּ֣ם עֹֽבְרִ֗ים בִּגְבוּל֙ אֲחֵיכֶ֣ם בְּנֵי־עֵשָׂ֔ו הַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בְּשֵׂעִ֑יר וְיִֽירְא֣וּ מִכֶּ֔ם וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֖ם מְאֹֽד׃ # verse = DEU.2.4 1-2 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_2:4!1|MId=o050020040011|Strong=2050b 2 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_2:4!1|MId=o050020040012|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 3-4 הָעָם֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_2:4!2|MId=o050020040021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 עָם֮ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obj _ Gloss=people|Ref=DEU_2:4!2|MId=o050020040022|Strong=5971 5 צַ֣ו צָוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=command|Ref=DEU_2:4!3|MId=o050020040031|Strong=6680|Frame=A0:050010050061;A1:050020040022;|Type=imperative 6-7 לֵאמֹר֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 9 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=DEU_2:4!4|MId=o050020040041|Strong=3807a 7 אמֹר֒ אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 6 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=DEU_2:4!4|MId=o050020040042|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:050010050061;|Type=infinitive_construct 8 אַתֶּ֣ם אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_2:4!5|MId=o050020040051|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 9 עֹֽבְרִ֗ים עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 5 ccomp _ Gloss=[are].about.to.pass|Ref=DEU_2:4!6|MId=o050020040061|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:050020040051;|Type=participle_active 10-11 בִּגְבוּל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DEU_2:4!7|MId=o050020040071|Strong=0871a 11 גְבוּל֙ גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.territory|Ref=DEU_2:4!7|MId=o050020040072|Strong=1366 12-13 אֲחֵיכֶ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אֲחֵי אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.relatives|Ref=DEU_2:4!8|MId=o050020040081|Strong=0251 13 כֶ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_2:4!8|MId=o050020040082|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 14 בְּנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 appos _ Gloss=the.descendants|Ref=DEU_2:4!9|MId=o050020040091|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 15 עֵשָׂ֔ו עֵשָׂו PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Esau|Ref=DEU_2:4!10|MId=o050020040101|Strong=6215 16-17 הַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=[who|Ref=DEU_2:4!11|MId=o050020040111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 יֹּשְׁבִ֖ים יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 12 appos _ Gloss=are].dwelling|Ref=DEU_2:4!11|MId=o050020040112|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:050020040081;|Type=participle_active 18-19 בְּשֵׂעִ֑יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DEU_2:4!12|MId=o050020040121|Strong=0871a 19 שֵׂעִ֑יר שֵׂעִיר PROPN _ _ 17 obl _ Gloss=Seir|Ref=DEU_2:4!12|MId=o050020040122|Strong=8165 20-21 וְיִֽירְא֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_2:4!13|MId=o050020040131|Strong=2050b 21 יִֽירְא֣וּ יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=they.will.be.afraid|Ref=DEU_2:4!13|MId=o050020040132|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:050020040081;|Type=yiqtol 22-23 מִכֶּ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DEU_2:4!14|MId=o050020040141|Strong=4480 23 כֶּ֔ם מִן PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_2:4!14|MId=o050020040142|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 24-25 וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_2:4!15|MId=o050020040151|Strong=2050b 25 נִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֖ם שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 9 conj _ Gloss=you.will.take.heed|Ref=DEU_2:4!15|MId=o050020040152|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:050020040022;|Type=weqatal 26 מְאֹֽד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 25 advmod _ Gloss=exceedingly|Ref=DEU_2:4!16|MId=o050020040161|Strong=3966|SpaceAfter=No 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=DEU_2:4!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | צַו *command* | imperative · piel | | עָם *people* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | עֹֽבְרִים *\[are\] about to pass* | participle active · qal | אַתֶּם *you* | | | | | יֹּשְׁבִים *are\] dwelling* | participle active · qal | אֲחֵי *your relatives* | | | | | יִֽירְאוּ *they will be afraid* | yiqtol · qal | אֲחֵי *your relatives* | | | | | נִשְׁמַרְתֶּם *you will take heed* | weqatal · niphal | עָם *people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְיָת עַמָא פַּקֵד לְמֵימַר אַתּוּן עָבְרִין בִּתְחוּם אֲחוּכוֹן בְּנֵי עֵשָׂו דְיָתְבִין בְּשֵׂעִיר וְיִדְחֲלוּן מִנְכוֹן וְתִסְתַּמְרוּן לַחֲדָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And command thou the people, saying: Ye are to pass through the border of your brethren the children of Esau, that dwell in Seir; and they will be afraid of you; take ye good heed unto yourselves therefore;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.49/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:49`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 2:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.2.3/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 2:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.2.5/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/2/)