--- title: Deuteronomy 20:7 — And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? let him go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her.' Who acts: man. Deuteronomy 20:7 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.20.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/20/) / 20:7 # Deuteronomy 20:7 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** man · **What happens:** betroth, not take, let, go, return, die · **To what, where:** wife, man This is Deuteronomy 20:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man — and what happens in the verse to wife, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּמִֽי־הָאִ֞ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־אֵרַ֤שׂ אִשָּׁה֙ וְלֹ֣א לְקָחָ֔הּ יֵלֵ֖ךְ וְיָשֹׁ֣ב לְבֵית֑וֹ פֶּן־יָמוּת֙ בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְאִ֥ישׁ אַחֵ֖ר יִקָּחֶֽנָּה׃ [And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? let him go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.548/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:541 # text = וּמִֽי־הָאִ֞ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־אֵרַ֤שׂ אִשָּׁה֙ וְלֹ֣א לְקָחָ֔הּ יֵלֵ֖ךְ וְיָשֹׁ֣ב לְבֵית֑וֹ פֶּן־יָמוּת֙ בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְאִ֥ישׁ אַחֵ֖ר יִקָּחֶֽנָּה׃ # verse = DEU.20.7 1-2 וּמִֽי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_20:7!1|MId=o050200070011|Strong=2050b 2 מִֽי־ מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 0 root _ Gloss=who?|Ref=DEU_20:7!1|MId=o050200070012|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 3-4 הָאִ֞ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=[is].the|Ref=DEU_20:7!2|MId=o050200070021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 אִ֞ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=man|Ref=DEU_20:7!2|MId=o050200070022|Strong=0376 5 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=DEU_20:7!3|MId=o050200070031|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 6 אֵרַ֤שׂ אָרַשׂ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.has.betrothed|Ref=DEU_20:7!4|MId=o050200070041|Strong=0781|Frame=A0:050200070022;A1:050200070051;|Type=qatal 7 אִשָּׁה֙ אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=a.woman|Ref=DEU_20:7!5|MId=o050200070051|Strong=0802 8-9 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_20:7!6|MId=o050200070061|Strong=2050b 9 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_20:7!6|MId=o050200070062|Strong=3808|Type=negative 10-11 לְקָחָ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לְקָח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=DEU_20:7!7|MId=o050200070071|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:050200070022;A1:050200070072;|Type=qatal 11 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ Gloss=has.taken.her|Ref=DEU_20:7!7|MId=o050200070072|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 12 יֵלֵ֖ךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=let.him.go|Ref=DEU_20:7!8|MId=o050200070081|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:050200070022;|Type=yiqtol 13-14 וְיָשֹׁ֣ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_20:7!9|MId=o050200070091|Strong=2050b 14 יָשֹׁ֣ב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 conj _ Gloss=let.him.return|Ref=DEU_20:7!9|MId=o050200070092|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:050200070022;|Type=yiqtol 15-17 לְבֵית֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_20:7!10|MId=o050200070101|Strong=3807a 16 בֵית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=house|Ref=DEU_20:7!10|MId=o050200070102|Strong=1004 17 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DEU_20:7!10|MId=o050200070103|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18 פֶּן־ פֶּן SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=lest|Ref=DEU_20:7!11|MId=o050200070111|Strong=6435|SpaceAfter=No 19 יָמוּת֙ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=he.should.die|Ref=DEU_20:7!12|MId=o050200070121|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:050200070022;|Type=yiqtol 20-22 בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DEU_20:7!13|MId=o050200070131|Strong=0871a 21 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_20:7!13|MId=o050200070131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 מִּלְחָמָ֔ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=battle|Ref=DEU_20:7!13|MId=o050200070132|Strong=4421 23-24 וְאִ֥ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_20:7!14|MId=o050200070141|Strong=2050b 24 אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ Gloss=a.man|Ref=DEU_20:7!14|MId=o050200070142|Strong=0376 25 אַחֵ֖ר אַחֵר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 amod _ Gloss=another|Ref=DEU_20:7!15|MId=o050200070151|Strong=0312|Type=adjective 26-27 יִקָּחֶֽנָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 יִקָּח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 19 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=DEU_20:7!16|MId=o050200070161|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:050200070142;A1:050200070162;|Type=yiqtol 27 ֶֽנָּה הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ Gloss=will.take.her|Ref=DEU_20:7!16|MId=o050200070162|Strong=5089a|Type=pronominal 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=DEU_20:7!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אֵרַשׂ *he has betrothed* | qatal · piel | אִישׁ *man* | אִשָּׁה *a woman* | | | | **not** לְקָח *he* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *man* | ָהּ *has taken her* | | | | יֵלֵךְ *let him go* | yiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *man* | | | | | יָשֹׁב *let him return* | yiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *man* | | | | | יָמוּת *he should die* | yiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *man* | | | | | יִקָּח *he* | yiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *a man* | ֶֽנָּה *will take her* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּמָן גַבְרָא דִי אֵרַס אִתְּתָא וְלָא נָסְבַהּ יְהַךְ וִיתוּב לְבֵיתֵהּ דִילְמָא יְמוּת בַּאֲגָחָא קְרָבָא וּגְבַר אָחֳרָן יִסְבִנַהּ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? let him go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.548/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:541`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 20:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.20.6/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 20:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.20.8/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/20/)