--- title: Deuteronomy 21:3 — And it shall be, that the city which is nearest unto the slain man,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it shall be, that the city which is nearest unto the slain man, even the elders of that city shall take a heifer of the herd, which hath not been wrought with, and which hath not drawn in the yoke. Who acts: city. Deuteronomy 21:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.21.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/21/) / 21:3 # Deuteronomy 21:3 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** city · **What happens:** be, take, not wrought, not draw · **To what, where:** land, heifer, herd, yoke This is Deuteronomy 21:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — city — and what happens in the verse to land, heifer, herd, yoke, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהָיָ֣ה הָעִ֔יר הַקְּרֹבָ֖ה אֶל־הֶחָלָ֑ל וְלָֽקְח֡וּ זִקְנֵי֩ הָעִ֨יר הַהִ֜וא עֶגְלַ֣ת בָּקָ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־עֻבַּד֙ בָּ֔הּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־מָשְׁכָ֖ה בְּעֹֽל׃ [And it shall be, that the city which is nearest unto the slain man, even the elders of that city shall take a heifer of the herd, which hath not been wrought with, and which hath not drawn in the yoke.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.564/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:557 # text = וְהָיָ֣ה הָעִ֔יר הַקְּרֹבָ֖ה אֶל־הֶחָלָ֑ל וְלָֽקְח֡וּ זִקְנֵי֩ הָעִ֨יר הַהִ֜וא עֶגְלַ֣ת בָּקָ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־עֻבַּד֙ בָּ֔הּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־מָשְׁכָ֖ה בְּעֹֽל׃ # verse = DEU.21.3 1-2 וְהָיָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_21:3!1|MId=o050210030011|Strong=2050b 2 הָיָ֣ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=DEU_21:3!1|MId=o050210030012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:050210030022;|Type=weqatal 3-4 הָעִ֔יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_21:3!2|MId=o050210030021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 עִ֔יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=city|Ref=DEU_21:3!2|MId=o050210030022|Strong=5892 5-6 הַקְּרֹבָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_21:3!3|MId=o050210030031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 קְּרֹבָ֖ה קָרֹוב ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 amod _ Gloss=near|Ref=DEU_21:3!3|MId=o050210030032|Strong=7138|Type=adjective 7 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_21:3!4|MId=o050210030041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 הֶחָלָ֑ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הֶ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the.[one]|Ref=DEU_21:3!5|MId=o050210030051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 חָלָ֑ל חָלָל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=slain|Ref=DEU_21:3!5|MId=o050210030052|Strong=2491|Type=adjective 10-11 וְלָֽקְח֡וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_21:3!6|MId=o050210030061|Strong=2050b 11 לָֽקְח֡וּ לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=they.will.take|Ref=DEU_21:3!6|MId=o050210030062|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:050210030071;A1:050210030101;|Type=weqatal 12 זִקְנֵי֩ זָקֵן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ Gloss=the.elders|Ref=DEU_21:3!7|MId=o050210030071|Strong=2205|Type=adjective 13-14 הָעִ֨יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=DEU_21:3!8|MId=o050210030081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 עִ֨יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.city|Ref=DEU_21:3!8|MId=o050210030082|Strong=5892 15-16 הַהִ֜וא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_21:3!9|MId=o050210030091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 הִ֜וא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=DEU_21:3!9|MId=o050210030092|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 17 עֶגְלַ֣ת עֶגְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 obj _ Gloss=a.heifer|Ref=DEU_21:3!10|MId=o050210030101|Strong=5697 18 בָּקָ֗ר בָּקָר NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].herd|Ref=DEU_21:3!11|MId=o050210030111|Strong=1241 19 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_21:3!12|MId=o050210030121|Strong=0834|Type=relative 20 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_21:3!13|MId=o050210030131|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 21 עֻבַּד֙ עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it.has.been.worked|Ref=DEU_21:3!14|MId=o050210030141|Strong=5647|Type=qatal 22-23 בָּ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=DEU_21:3!15|MId=o050210030151|Strong=0871a 23 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=DEU_21:3!15|MId=o050210030152|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 24 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_21:3!16|MId=o050210030161|Strong=0834|Type=relative 25 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 26 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_21:3!17|MId=o050210030171|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 26 מָשְׁכָ֖ה מָשַׁךְ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it.has.dragged|Ref=DEU_21:3!18|MId=o050210030181|Strong=4900|Frame=A0:050210030101;|Type=qatal 27-28 בְּעֹֽל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=DEU_21:3!19|MId=o050210030191|Strong=0871a 28 עֹֽל עֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 obl _ Gloss=a.yoke|Ref=DEU_21:3!19|MId=o050210030192|Strong=5923 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=DEU_21:3!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיָה *it will be* | weqatal · qal | עִיר *city* | | | | | לָֽקְחוּ *they will take* | weqatal · qal | זִקְנֵי *the elders* | עֶגְלַת *a heifer* | | | | **not** מָשְׁכָה *it has dragged* | qatal · qal | עֶגְלַת *a heifer* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּתְהֵי קַרְתָּא דִקְרִיבָא לִקְטִילָא וְיִדְבְּרוּן סָבֵי קַרְתָּא הַהִיא עֶגְלַת תּוֹרֵי דִי לָא אִתְפְּלַח בַּהּ דִי לָא נְגִידַת בְּנוּר The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it shall be, that the city which is nearest unto the slain man, even the elders of that city shall take a heifer of the herd, which hath not been wrought with, and which hath not drawn in the yoke.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.564/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:557`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 21:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.21.2/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 21:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.21.4/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/21/)