--- title: Deuteronomy 23:5 — because they met you not with bread and with water in the way, when… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: because they met you not with bread and with water in the way, when ye came forth out of Egypt; and because they hired against thee Balaam the son of Beor from Pethor of Aram-naharaim, to curse thee. Who acts: Ammonite, ye. Deuteronomy 23:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 191 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.23.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/23/) / 23:5 # Deuteronomy 23:5 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** Ammonite, ye · **What happens:** not meet, come, hire, curse · **To what, where:** you, way, Egypt, Balaam, Pethor, thee This is Deuteronomy 23:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ammonite, ye — and what happens in the verse to you, way, Egypt, Balaam, Pethor, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. עַל־דְּבַ֞ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־קִדְּמ֤וּ אֶתְכֶם֙ בַּלֶּ֣חֶם וּבַמַּ֔יִם בַּדֶּ֖רֶךְ בְּצֵאתְכֶ֣ם מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם וַאֲשֶׁר֩ שָׂכַ֨ר עָלֶ֜יךָ אֶת־בִּלְעָ֣ם בֶּן־בְּע֗וֹר מִפְּת֛וֹר אֲרַ֥מ נַהֲרַ֖יִם אֲרַ֥מ נַהֲרַ֖יִם לְקַֽלְלֶֽךָּ׃ [because they met you not with bread and with water in the way, when ye came forth out of Egypt; and because they hired against thee Balaam the son of Beor from Pethor of Aram-naharaim, to curse thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.618/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:611 # text = עַל־דְּבַ֞ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־קִדְּמ֤וּ אֶתְכֶם֙ בַּלֶּ֣חֶם וּבַמַּ֔יִם בַּדֶּ֖רֶךְ בְּצֵאתְכֶ֣ם מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם וַאֲשֶׁר֩ שָׂכַ֨ר עָלֶ֜יךָ אֶת־בִּלְעָ֣ם בֶּן־בְּע֗וֹר מִפְּת֛וֹר אֲרַ֥מ נַהֲרַ֖יִם אֲרַ֥מ נַהֲרַ֖יִם לְקַֽלְלֶֽךָּ׃ # verse = DEU.23.5 1 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=DEU_23:5!1|MId=o050230050011|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 2 דְּבַ֞ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=the.thing|Ref=DEU_23:5!2|MId=o050230050021|Strong=1697 3 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=(of).that|Ref=DEU_23:5!3|MId=o050230050031|Strong=0834|Type=relative 4 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_23:5!4|MId=o050230050041|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 5 קִדְּמ֤וּ קָדַם VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.met|Ref=DEU_23:5!5|MId=o050230050051|Strong=6923|Frame=A0:050230040031;050230040042;A1:050230050062;|Type=qatal 6-7 אֶתְכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=|Ref=DEU_23:5!6|MId=o050230050061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 7 ְכֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_23:5!6|MId=o050230050062|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 8-10 בַּלֶּ֣חֶם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DEU_23:5!7|MId=o050230050071|Strong=0871a 9 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_23:5!7|MId=o050230050071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 לֶּ֣חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=food|Ref=DEU_23:5!7|MId=o050230050072|Strong=3899 11-14 וּבַמַּ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_23:5!8|MId=o050230050081|Strong=2050b 12 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DEU_23:5!8|MId=o050230050082|Strong=0871a 13 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_23:5!8|MId=o050230050082ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 מַּ֔יִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 conj _ Gloss=water|Ref=DEU_23:5!8|MId=o050230050083|Strong=4325 15-17 בַּדֶּ֖רֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=DEU_23:5!9|MId=o050230050091|Strong=0871a 16 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_23:5!9|MId=o050230050091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 דֶּ֖רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=way|Ref=DEU_23:5!9|MId=o050230050092|Strong=1870 18-20 בְּצֵאתְכֶ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=DEU_23:5!10|MId=o050230050101|Strong=0871a 19 צֵאת יָצָא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 5 advcl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_23:5!10|MId=o050230050102|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:050230050103;|Type=infinitive_construct 20 ְכֶ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ Gloss=came.out|Ref=DEU_23:5!10|MId=o050230050103|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 21-22 מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DEU_23:5!11|MId=o050230050111|Strong=4480 22 מִּצְרָ֑יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 19 obl _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=DEU_23:5!11|MId=o050230050112|Strong=4714 23-24 וַאֲשֶׁר֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_23:5!12|MId=o050230050121|Strong=2050b 24 אֲשֶׁר֩ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=DEU_23:5!12|MId=o050230050122|Strong=0834|Type=relative 25 שָׂכַ֨ר שָׂכַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=he.hired|Ref=DEU_23:5!13|MId=o050230050131|Strong=7936|Frame=A0:050230040031;050230040042;A1:050230050161;|Type=qatal 26-27 עָלֶ֜יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 עָלֶ֜י עַל ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=DEU_23:5!14|MId=o050230050141|Strong=5921 27 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_23:5!14|MId=o050230050142|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 28 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_23:5!15|MId=o050230050151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 29 בִּלְעָ֣ם בִּלְעָם PROPN _ _ 25 obj _ Gloss=Balaam|Ref=DEU_23:5!16|MId=o050230050161|Strong=1109 30 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=DEU_23:5!17|MId=o050230050171|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 31 בְּע֗וֹר בְּעוֹר PROPN _ _ 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Beor|Ref=DEU_23:5!18|MId=o050230050181|Strong=1160 32-33 מִפְּת֛וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DEU_23:5!19|MId=o050230050191|Strong=4480 33 פְּת֛וֹר פְּתוֹר PROPN _ _ 25 obl _ Gloss=Pethor|Ref=DEU_23:5!19|MId=o050230050192|Strong=6604 34 אֲרַ֥מ אֲרַם PROPN _ _ 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=DEU_23:5!20|MId=o050230050201 35 נַהֲרַ֖יִם נַהֲרַיִם PROPN _ _ 34 flat:name _ Ref=DEU_23:5!20 36 אֲרַ֥מ אֲרַם PROPN _ _ 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Naharaim|Ref=DEU_23:5!21|MId=o050230050211 37 נַהֲרַ֖יִם נַהֲרַיִם PROPN _ _ 36 flat:name _ Ref=DEU_23:5!21 38-40 לְקַֽלְלֶֽךָּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_23:5!22|MId=o050230050221|Strong=3807a 39 קַֽלְל קָלַל VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 25 advcl _ Gloss=curse|Ref=DEU_23:5!22|MId=o050230050222|Strong=7043|Frame=A0:050230050161;A1:050230050213;|Type=infinitive_construct 40 ֶֽךָּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 39 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_23:5!22|MId=o050230050223|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=DEU_23:5!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** קִדְּמוּ *they met* | qatal · piel | | ְכֶם *you* | | | | צֵאת *you* | infinitive construct · qal | ְכֶם *came out* | | | | | שָׂכַר *he hired* | qatal · qal | | בִּלְעָם *Balaam* | | | | קַֽלְל *curse* | infinitive construct · piel | בִּלְעָם *Balaam* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} עַל עֵסַק דִי לָא עֲרָעוּ יָתְכוֹן בְּלַחְמָא וּבְמַיָא בְּאָרְחָא בְּמִפָּקְכוֹן מִמִצְרָיִם וְדִי אֲגַר עֲלָךְ יָת בִּלְעָם בַּר בְּעוֹר מִפְּתוֹר אֲרַם דִי עַל פְּרָת לְלַטָּיוּתָךְ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [because they met you not with bread and with water in the way, when ye came forth out of Egypt; and because they hired against thee Balaam the son of Beor from Pethor of Aram-naharaim, to curse thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.618/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:611`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 23:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.23.4/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 23:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.23.6/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/23/)