--- title: Deuteronomy 28:45 — And all these curses shall come upon thee, and shall pursue thee, an… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And all these curses shall come upon thee, and shall pursue thee, and overtake thee, till thou be destroyed; because thou didst not hearken unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to keep His commandments and His statutes which He commanded thee. Who acts: curses, thou, stranger. Deuteronomy 28:45 in He --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.28.45/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/28/) / 28:45 # Deuteronomy 28:45 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** curses, thou, stranger · **What happens:** come, pursue, overtake, destroy, not hearken, keep · **To what, where:** thee, thou, commandments, statutes · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Deuteronomy 28:45 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — curses, thou, stranger — and what happens in the verse to thee, thou, commandments, statutes, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּבָ֨אוּ עָלֶ֜יךָ כָּל־הַקְּלָל֣וֹת הָאֵ֗לֶּה וּרְדָפ֙וּךָ֙ וְהִשִּׂיג֔וּךָ עַ֖ד הִשָּֽׁמְדָ֑ךְ כִּי־לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֗עְתָּ בְּקוֹל֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ לִשְׁמֹ֛ר מִצְוֺתָ֥יו וְחֻקֹּתָ֖יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּֽךְ׃ [And all these curses shall come upon thee, and shall pursue thee, and overtake thee, till thou be destroyed; because thou didst not hearken unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to keep His commandments and His statutes which He commanded thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.782/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:763 # text = וּבָ֨אוּ עָלֶ֜יךָ כָּל־הַקְּלָל֣וֹת הָאֵ֗לֶּה וּרְדָפ֙וּךָ֙ וְהִשִּׂיג֔וּךָ עַ֖ד הִשָּֽׁמְדָ֑ךְ כִּי־לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֗עְתָּ בְּקוֹל֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ לִשְׁמֹ֛ר מִצְוֺתָ֥יו וְחֻקֹּתָ֖יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּֽךְ׃ # verse = DEU.28.45 1-2 וּבָ֨אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_28:45!1|MId=o050280450011|Strong=2050b 2 בָ֨אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.come|Ref=DEU_28:45!1|MId=o050280450012|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:050280450042;|Type=weqatal 3-4 עָלֶ֜יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 עָלֶ֜י עַל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=DEU_28:45!2|MId=o050280450021|Strong=5921 4 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_28:45!2|MId=o050280450022|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 5 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=DEU_28:45!3|MId=o050280450031|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 הַקְּלָל֣וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_28:45!4|MId=o050280450041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 קְּלָל֣וֹת קְלָלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=curses|Ref=DEU_28:45!4|MId=o050280450042|Strong=7045 8-9 הָאֵ֗לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_28:45!5|MId=o050280450051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 אֵ֗לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 7 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=DEU_28:45!5|MId=o050280450052|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 10-12 וּרְדָפ֙וּךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_28:45!6|MId=o050280450061|Strong=2050b 11 רְדָפ֙וּ רָדַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=DEU_28:45!6|MId=o050280450062|Strong=7291|Frame=A0:050280450042;A1:050280450063;|Type=weqatal 12 ךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ Gloss=will.pursue.you|Ref=DEU_28:45!6|MId=o050280450063|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 13-15 וְהִשִּׂיג֔וּךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_28:45!7|MId=o050280450071|Strong=2050b 14 הִשִּׂיג֔וּ נָשַׂג VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=DEU_28:45!7|MId=o050280450072|Strong=5381|Frame=AA:050280450042;A0:050280450073;|Type=weqatal 15 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 obj _ Gloss=will.overtake.you|Ref=DEU_28:45!7|MId=o050280450073|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 16 עַ֖ד עַד ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=DEU_28:45!8|MId=o050280450081|Strong=5704 17-18 הִשָּֽׁמְדָ֑ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הִשָּֽׁמְד שָׁמַד VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 14 advcl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_28:45!9|MId=o050280450091|Strong=8045|Frame=A1:050280450092;|Type=infinitive_construct 18 ָ֑ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ Gloss=are.destroyed|Ref=DEU_28:45!9|MId=o050280450092|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 19 כִּי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=DEU_28:45!10|MId=o050280450101|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 20 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_28:45!11|MId=o050280450111|Strong=3808|Type=negative 21 שָׁמַ֗עְתָּ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 advcl _ Gloss=you.listened|Ref=DEU_28:45!12|MId=o050280450121|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:050270260132;|Type=qatal 22-23 בְּקוֹל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_28:45!13|MId=o050280450131|Strong=0871a 23 קוֹל֙ קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=the.voice|Ref=DEU_28:45!13|MId=o050280450132|Strong=6963 24 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=DEU_28:45!14|MId=o050280450141|Strong=3068 25-26 אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 אֱלֹהֶ֔י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=DEU_28:45!15|MId=o050280450151|Strong=0430 26 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_28:45!15|MId=o050280450152|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 27-28 לִשְׁמֹ֛ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_28:45!16|MId=o050280450161|Strong=3807a 28 שְׁמֹ֛ר שָׁמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 21 advcl _ Gloss=keep|Ref=DEU_28:45!16|MId=o050280450162|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:050270260132;A1:050280450171;050280450182;|Type=infinitive_construct 29-30 מִצְוֺתָ֥יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 מִצְוֺתָ֥י מִצְוָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 28 obj _ Gloss=commandments|Ref=DEU_28:45!17|MId=o050280450171|Strong=4687 30 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DEU_28:45!17|MId=o050280450172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 31-33 וְחֻקֹּתָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_28:45!18|MId=o050280450181|Strong=2050b 32 חֻקֹּתָ֖י חֻקָּה NOUN _ Number=Plur 29 conj _ Gloss=statutes|Ref=DEU_28:45!18|MId=o050280450182|Strong=2708 33 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DEU_28:45!18|MId=o050280450183|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 34 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 35 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_28:45!19|MId=o050280450191|Strong=0834|Type=relative 35-36 צִוָּֽךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 צִוּ צָוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 29 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he|Ref=DEU_28:45!20|MId=o050280450201|Strong=6680|Frame=A0:050280450141;A2:050280450202;A1:050280450171;050280450182;|Type=qatal 36 ָֽךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 35 obj _ Gloss=has.commanded.you|Ref=DEU_28:45!20|MId=o050280450202|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=DEU_28:45!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בָאוּ *they will come* | weqatal · qal | קְּלָלוֹת *curses* | | | | | רְדָפוּ *they* | weqatal · qal | קְּלָלוֹת *curses* | ךָ *will pursue you* | | | | הִשִּׂיגוּ *they* | weqatal · hiphil | ךָ *will overtake you* | | | קְּלָלוֹת *curses* | | הִשָּֽׁמְד *you* | infinitive construct · niphal | | ָךְ *are destroyed* | | | | **not** שָׁמַעְתָּ *you listened* | qatal · qal | | | | | | שְׁמֹר *keep* | infinitive construct · qal | | מִצְוֺתָי *commandments* + חֻקֹּתָי *statutes* | | | | צִוּ *he* | qatal · piel | יְהוָה *of Yahweh* | מִצְוֺתָי *commandments* + חֻקֹּתָי *statutes* | ָֽךְ *has commanded you* | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְיֵיתוּן עֲלָךְ כָּל לְוָטַּיָא הָאִלֵין וְיִרְדְפֻנָךְ וְיִדְבְּקֻנָךְ עַד דְתִשְׁתֵּצֵי אֲרֵי לָא קַבֶּלְתָּא לְמֵימְרָא דַיְיָ אֱלָהָךְ לְמִטַר פִּקוּדוֹהִי וּקְיָמוֹהִי דִי פַקְדָךְ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And all these curses shall come upon thee, and shall pursue thee, and overtake thee, till thou be destroyed; because thou didst not hearken unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to keep His commandments and His statutes which He commanded thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.782/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:763`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 28:44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.28.44/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 28:46](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.28.46/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/28/)