--- title: Deuteronomy 29:4 — And I have led you forty years in the wilderness; your clothes are n… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And I have led you forty years in the wilderness; your clothes are not waxen old upon you, and thy shoe is not waxen old upon thy foot. Who acts: I, clothes, shoe. Deuteronomy 29:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.29.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/29/) / 29:4 # Deuteronomy 29:4 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** I, clothes, shoe · **What happens:** lead, not be · **To what, where:** you, wilderness This is Deuteronomy 29:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, clothes, shoe — and what happens in the verse to you, wilderness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וָאוֹלֵ֥ךְ אֶתְכֶ֛ם אַרְבָּעִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר לֹֽא־בָל֤וּ שַׂלְמֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ מֵעֲלֵיכֶ֔ם וְנַֽעַלְךָ֥ לֹֽא־בָלְתָ֖ה מֵעַ֥ל רַגְלֶֽךָ׃ [And I have led you forty years in the wilderness; your clothes are not waxen old upon you, and thy shoe is not waxen old upon thy foot.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.810/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:791 # text = וָאוֹלֵ֥ךְ אֶתְכֶ֛ם אַרְבָּעִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר לֹֽא־בָל֤וּ שַׂלְמֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ מֵעֲלֵיכֶ֔ם וְנַֽעַלְךָ֥ לֹֽא־בָלְתָ֖ה מֵעַ֥ל רַגְלֶֽךָ׃ # verse = DEU.29.4 1-2 וָאוֹלֵ֥ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_29:4!1|MId=o050290040011|Strong=2050b 2 אוֹלֵ֥ךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.led|Ref=DEU_29:4!1|MId=o050290040012|Strong=1980|Frame=AA:050290030031;A0:050290040022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֶתְכֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=|Ref=DEU_29:4!2|MId=o050290040021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 4 ְכֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_29:4!2|MId=o050290040022|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 5 אַרְבָּעִ֥ים אַרְבַּע NUM _ Number=Plur 6 nummod _ Gloss=forty|Ref=DEU_29:4!3|MId=o050290040031|Strong=0705|Type=cardinal_number 6 שָׁנָ֖ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=DEU_29:4!4|MId=o050290040041|Strong=8141 7-9 בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DEU_29:4!5|MId=o050290040051|Strong=0871a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_29:4!5|MId=o050290040051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מִּדְבָּ֑ר מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=wilderness|Ref=DEU_29:4!5|MId=o050290040052|Strong=4057 10 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_29:4!6|MId=o050290040061|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 11 בָל֤וּ בָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.wore.out|Ref=DEU_29:4!7|MId=o050290040071|Strong=1086|Frame=A0:050290040081;|Type=qatal 12-13 שַׂלְמֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 שַׂלְמֹֽתֵי שַׂלְמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ Gloss=clothes|Ref=DEU_29:4!8|MId=o050290040081|Strong=8008 13 כֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_29:4!8|MId=o050290040082|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 14-16 מֵעֲלֵיכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DEU_29:4!9|MId=o050290040091|Strong=4480 15 עֲלֵי עַל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=DEU_29:4!9|MId=o050290040092|Strong=5921 16 כֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_29:4!9|MId=o050290040093|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 17-19 וְנַֽעַלְךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_29:4!10|MId=o050290040101|Strong=2050b 18 נַֽעַל נַעַל NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ Gloss=sandal|Ref=DEU_29:4!10|MId=o050290040102|Strong=5275 19 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_29:4!10|MId=o050290040103|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 20 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_29:4!11|MId=o050290040111|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 21 בָלְתָ֖ה בָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.wore.out|Ref=DEU_29:4!12|MId=o050290040121|Strong=1086|Frame=A0:050290040102;|Type=qatal 22-23 מֵעַ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DEU_29:4!13|MId=o050290040131|Strong=4480 23 עַ֥ל עַל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=DEU_29:4!13|MId=o050290040132|Strong=5921 24-25 רַגְלֶֽךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 רַגְל רֶגֶל NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=foot|Ref=DEU_29:4!14|MId=o050290040141|Strong=7272 25 ֶֽךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_29:4!14|MId=o050290040142|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=DEU_29:4!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אוֹלֵךְ *I led* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ְכֶם *you* | | | | | **not** בָלוּ *they wore out* | qatal · qal | שַׂלְמֹֽתֵי *clothes* | | | | | **not** בָלְתָה *it wore out* | qatal · qal | נַֽעַל *sandal* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְדַבָּרִית יָתְכוֹן אַרְבְּעִין שְׁנִין בְּמַדְבְּרָא לָא בְלִיאַת כְּסוּתְכוֹן מִנְכוֹן וּמְסָנָךְ לָא עַדוֹ מֵעַל רַגְלָךְ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And I have led you forty years in the wilderness; your clothes are not waxen old upon you, and thy shoe is not waxen old upon thy foot.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.810/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:791`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 29:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.29.3/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 29:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.29.5/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/29/)