--- title: Deuteronomy 31:16 — And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Behold, thou art about to sleep with… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Behold, thou art about to sleep with thy fathers; and this people will rise up, and go astray after the foreign gods of the land, whither they go to be among them, and will forsake Me, and break My covenant which I have made with them. Who acts: LORD, thou, people, fat --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/31/) / 31:16 # Deuteronomy 31:16 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** LORD, thou, people, fathers, I, My · **What happens:** say, be, sleep, rise up, go, forsake · **To what, where:** Me, covenant · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Deuteronomy 31:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, thou, people, fathers, I, My — and what happens in the verse to Me, covenant, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה הִנְּךָ֥ שֹׁכֵ֖ב עִם־אֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ וְקָם֩ הָעָ֨ם הַזֶּ֜ה וְזָנָ֣ה ׀ אַחֲרֵ֣י ׀ אֱלֹהֵ֣י נֵֽכַר־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר ה֤וּא בָא־שָׁ֙מָּה֙ בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹ וַעֲזָבַ֕נִי וְהֵפֵר֙ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּרַ֖תִּי אִתּֽוֹ׃ [And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Behold, thou art about to sleep with thy fathers; and this people will rise up, and go astray after the foreign gods of the land, whither they go to be among them, and will forsake Me, and break My covenant which I have made with them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.870/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:851 # text = וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה הִנְּךָ֥ שֹׁכֵ֖ב עִם־אֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ וְקָם֩ הָעָ֨ם הַזֶּ֜ה וְזָנָ֣ה ׀ אַחֲרֵ֣י ׀ אֱלֹהֵ֣י נֵֽכַר־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר ה֤וּא בָא־שָׁ֙מָּה֙ בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹ וַעֲזָבַ֕נִי וְהֵפֵר֙ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּרַ֖תִּי אִתּֽוֹ׃ # verse = DEU.31.16 1-2 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_31:16!1|MId=o050310160011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=DEU_31:16!1|MId=o050310160012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:050310160021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=DEU_31:16!2|MId=o050310160021|Strong=3068 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_31:16!3|MId=o050310160031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 מֹשֶׁ֔ה מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Moses|Ref=DEU_31:16!4|MId=o050310160041|Strong=4872 6-7 הִנְּךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הִנּ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 8 nsubj _ Gloss=here|Ref=DEU_31:16!5|MId=o050310160051|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 7 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_31:16!5|MId=o050310160052|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 8 שֹׁכֵ֖ב שָׁכַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=[are].about.to.lie.down|Ref=DEU_31:16!6|MId=o050310160061|Strong=7901|Frame=A0:050310160052;|Type=participle_active 9 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DEU_31:16!7|MId=o050310160071|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 אֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 אֲבֹתֶ֑י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 obl _ Gloss=ancestors|Ref=DEU_31:16!8|MId=o050310160081|Strong=0001 11 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_31:16!8|MId=o050310160082|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 12-13 וְקָם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_31:16!9|MId=o050310160091|Strong=2050b 13 קָם֩ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 conj _ Gloss=it.will.arise|Ref=DEU_31:16!9|MId=o050310160092|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:050310160102;|Type=weqatal 14-15 הָעָ֨ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_31:16!10|MId=o050310160101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 עָ֨ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=people|Ref=DEU_31:16!10|MId=o050310160102|Strong=5971 16-17 הַזֶּ֜ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_31:16!11|MId=o050310160111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 זֶּ֜ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 15 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=DEU_31:16!11|MId=o050310160112|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 18-19 וְזָנָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_31:16!12|MId=o050310160121|Strong=2050b 19 זָנָ֣ה זָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 conj _ Gloss=it.will.act.as.a.prostitute|Ref=DEU_31:16!12|MId=o050310160122|Strong=2181|Frame=A0:050310160102;|Type=weqatal 20 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=DEU_31:16!12 21 אַחֲרֵ֣י אַחַר ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=DEU_31:16!13|MId=o050310160131|Strong=0310 22 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=DEU_31:16!13 23 אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 obl _ Gloss=the.gods|Ref=DEU_31:16!14|MId=o050310160141|Strong=0430 24 נֵֽכַר־ נֵכָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.(the).foreignness|Ref=DEU_31:16!15|MId=o050310160151|Strong=5236|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 הָאָ֗רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=DEU_31:16!16|MId=o050310160161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 אָ֗רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=DEU_31:16!16|MId=o050310160162|Strong=0776 27 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 29 mark _ Gloss=where|Ref=DEU_31:16!17|MId=o050310160171|Strong=0834|Type=relative 28 ה֤וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=DEU_31:16!18|MId=o050310160181|Strong=1931|Type=personal 29 בָא־ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 26 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[is].about.to.go|Ref=DEU_31:16!19|MId=o050310160191|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:050310160181;|Type=participle_active|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 שָׁ֙מָּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 שָׁ֙מּ שָׁם ADV _ _ 29 advmod _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_31:16!20|MId=o050310160201|Strong=8033 31 ָה֙ ה X _ _ 30 nmod _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=DEU_31:16!20|MId=o050310160202|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 32-34 בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=DEU_31:16!21|MId=o050310160211|Strong=0871a 33 קִרְבּ קֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=midst|Ref=DEU_31:16!21|MId=o050310160212|Strong=7130 34 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=DEU_31:16!21|MId=o050310160213|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 35-37 וַעֲזָבַ֕נִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 36 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_31:16!22|MId=o050310160221|Strong=2050b 36 עֲזָב עָזַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 conj _ Gloss=it|Ref=DEU_31:16!22|MId=o050310160222|Strong=5800|Frame=A0:050310160102;A1:050310160223;|Type=weqatal 37 ַ֕נִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 36 obj _ Gloss=will.forsake.me|Ref=DEU_31:16!22|MId=o050310160223|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 38-39 וְהֵפֵר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 39 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_31:16!23|MId=o050310160231|Strong=2050b 39 הֵפֵר֙ פָּרַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 conj _ Gloss=it.will.break|Ref=DEU_31:16!23|MId=o050310160232|Strong=6565|Frame=AA:050310160102;A0:050310160251;|Type=weqatal 40 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_31:16!24|MId=o050310160241|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 41-42 בְּרִיתִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 בְּרִית בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 39 obj _ Gloss=covenant|Ref=DEU_31:16!25|MId=o050310160251|Strong=1285 42 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=DEU_31:16!25|MId=o050310160252|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 43 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 44 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_31:16!26|MId=o050310160261|Strong=0834|Type=relative 44 כָּרַ֖תִּי כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 41 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I.made|Ref=DEU_31:16!27|MId=o050310160271|Strong=3772|Frame=A0:050310160021;A1:050310160251;|Type=qatal 45-46 אִתּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 46 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DEU_31:16!28|MId=o050310160281|Strong=0854 46 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=DEU_31:16!28|MId=o050310160282|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 47 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 46 punct _ Ref=DEU_31:16!28 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | שֹׁכֵב *\[are\] about to lie down* | participle active · qal | ְךָ *you* | | | | | קָם *it will arise* | weqatal · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | זָנָה *it will act as a prostitute* | weqatal · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | בָא־ *\[is\] about to go* | participle active · qal | הוּא *it* | | | | | עֲזָב *it* | weqatal · qal | עָם *people* | ַנִי *will forsake me* | | | | הֵפֵר *it will break* | weqatal · hiphil | בְּרִית *covenant* | | | עָם *people* | | כָּרַתִּי *I made* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | בְּרִית *covenant* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר יְיָ לְמֹשֶׁה הָא אַתְּ שָׁכֵב עִם אֲבָהָתָךְ וִיקוּם עַמָא הָדֵין וְיִטְּעֵי בָּתַר טַעֲוַת עַמְמֵי אַרְעָא דִי הוּא עַל תַּמָן בֵּינֵיהוֹן וְיִשְׁבְּקוּן דַחַלְתִּי וְיַשְׁנוּן יָת קְיָמִי דִי גְזָרִית עִמְהוֹן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Behold, thou art about to sleep with thy fathers; and this people will rise up, and go astray after the foreign gods of the land, whither they go to be among them, and will forsake Me, and break My covenant which I have made with them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.870/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:851`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 31:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.15/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 31:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.17/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/31/)