--- title: Deuteronomy 31:3 — The LORD thy God, He will go over before thee; He will destroy these… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The LORD thy God, He will go over before thee; He will destroy these nations from before thee, and thou shalt dispossess them; and Joshua, he shall go over before thee, as the LORD hath spoken. Who acts: LORD, thou. Deuteronomy 31:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/31/) / 31:3 # Deuteronomy 31:3 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** LORD, thou · **What happens:** go over, destroy, dispossess, speak · **To what, where:** thee, nations · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Deuteronomy 31:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, thou — and what happens in the verse to thee, nations, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ ה֣וּא ׀ עֹבֵ֣ר לְפָנֶ֗יךָ הֽוּא־יַשְׁמִ֞יד אֶת־הַגּוֹיִ֥ם הָאֵ֛לֶּה מִלְּפָנֶ֖יךָ וִֽירִשְׁתָּ֑ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ ה֚וּא עֹבֵ֣ר לְפָנֶ֔יךָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃ [The LORD thy God, He will go over before thee; He will destroy these nations from before thee, and thou shalt dispossess them; and Joshua, he shall go over before thee, as the LORD hath spoken.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.857/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:838 # text = יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ ה֣וּא ׀ עֹבֵ֣ר לְפָנֶ֗יךָ הֽוּא־יַשְׁמִ֞יד אֶת־הַגּוֹיִ֥ם הָאֵ֛לֶּה מִלְּפָנֶ֖יךָ וִֽירִשְׁתָּ֑ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ ה֚וּא עֹבֵ֣ר לְפָנֶ֔יךָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃ # verse = DEU.31.3 1 יְהוָ֨ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 6 dislocated _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=DEU_31:3!1|MId=o050310030011|Strong=3068 2-3 אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 אֱלֹהֶ֜י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=DEU_31:3!2|MId=o050310030021|Strong=0430 3 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_31:3!2|MId=o050310030022|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 4 ה֣וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=DEU_31:3!3|MId=o050310030031|Strong=1931|Type=personal 5 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 4 punct _ Ref=DEU_31:3!3 6 עֹבֵ֣ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[is].about.to.pass.over|Ref=DEU_31:3!4|MId=o050310030041|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:050310030031;|Type=participle_active 7-9 לְפָנֶ֗יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=DEU_31:3!5|MId=o050310030051|Strong=3807a 8 פָנֶ֗י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 6 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=DEU_31:3!5|MId=o050310030052|Strong=6440 9 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_31:3!5|MId=o050310030053|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 10 הֽוּא־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=DEU_31:3!6|MId=o050310030061|Strong=1931|Type=personal|SpaceAfter=No 11 יַשְׁמִ֞יד שָׁמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.destroy|Ref=DEU_31:3!7|MId=o050310030071|Strong=8045|Frame=AA:050310030061;A0:050310030092;|Type=yiqtol 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_31:3!8|MId=o050310030081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 הַגּוֹיִ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_31:3!9|MId=o050310030091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 גּוֹיִ֥ם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 obj _ Gloss=nations|Ref=DEU_31:3!9|MId=o050310030092|Strong=1471 15-16 הָאֵ֛לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_31:3!10|MId=o050310030101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 אֵ֛לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 14 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=DEU_31:3!10|MId=o050310030102|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 17-20 מִלְּפָנֶ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DEU_31:3!11|MId=o050310030111|Strong=4480 18 לְּ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=DEU_31:3!11|MId=o050310030112|Strong=3807a 19 פָנֶ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 11 obl _ Gloss=face|Ref=DEU_31:3!11|MId=o050310030113|Strong=6440 20 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_31:3!11|MId=o050310030114|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 21-23 וִֽירִשְׁתָּ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וִֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_31:3!12|MId=o050310030121|Strong=2050b 22 ירִשְׁתָּ֑ יָרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 6 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_31:3!12|MId=o050310030122|Strong=3423|Frame=A0:050310010091;A1:050310030123;|Type=weqatal 23 ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=will.dispossess.them|Ref=DEU_31:3!12|MId=o050310030123|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 24 יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ יְהֹושֻׁעַ PROPN _ _ 26 dislocated _ Gloss=Joshua|Ref=DEU_31:3!13|MId=o050310030131|Strong=3091 25 ה֚וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=DEU_31:3!14|MId=o050310030141|Strong=1931|Type=personal 26 עֹבֵ֣ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 6 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].about.to.pass.over|Ref=DEU_31:3!15|MId=o050310030151|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:050310030141;|Type=participle_active 27-29 לְפָנֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=DEU_31:3!16|MId=o050310030161|Strong=3807a 28 פָנֶ֔י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 26 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=DEU_31:3!16|MId=o050310030162|Strong=6440 29 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_31:3!16|MId=o050310030163|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 30-31 כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 26 obl _ Gloss=just|Ref=DEU_31:3!17|MId=o050310030171|Strong=3509a 31 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 32 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=DEU_31:3!17|MId=o050310030172|Strong=0834|Type=relative 32 דִּבֶּ֥ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 30 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.spoke|Ref=DEU_31:3!18|MId=o050310030181|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:050310030191;|Type=qatal 33 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 32 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=DEU_31:3!19|MId=o050310030191|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=DEU_31:3!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֹבֵר *\[is\] about to pass over* | participle active · qal | הוּא *he* | | | | | יַשְׁמִיד *he will destroy* | yiqtol · hiphil | גּוֹיִם *nations* | | | הֽוּא־ *he* | | ירִשְׁתָּ *you* | weqatal · qal | | ם *will dispossess them* | | | | עֹבֵר *\[is\] about to pass over* | participle active · qal | הוּא *he* | | | | | דִּבֶּר *he spoke* | qatal · piel | יְהוָֽה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ מֵימְרֵהּ עֲבַר קֳדָמָךְ הוּא יְשֵׁצֵי יָת עַמְמַיָא הָאִלֵין מִקֳדָמָךְ וְתֵירְתִנוּן יְהוֹשֻׁעַ הוּא עֲבַר קֳדָמָךְ כְּמָא דִי מַלִיל יְיָ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The LORD thy God, He will go over before thee; He will destroy these nations from before thee, and thou shalt dispossess them; and Joshua, he shall go over before thee, as the LORD hath spoken.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.857/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:838`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 31:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.2/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 31:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.4/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/31/)