--- title: Deuteronomy 31:7 — And Moses called unto Joshua, and said unto him in the sight of all… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Moses called unto Joshua, and said unto him in the sight of all Israel: 'Be strong and of good courage; for thou shalt go with this people into the land which the LORD hath sworn unto their fathers to give them; and thou shalt cause them to inherit it. Who acts: Moses, thou, LORD, nations. Deute --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/31/) / 31:7 # Deuteronomy 31:7 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** Moses, thou, LORD, nations · **What happens:** call, say, be, go, swear, give · **To what, where:** sight, land, nations, courage, Israel · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Deuteronomy 31:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Moses, thou, LORD, nations — and what happens in the verse to sight, land, nations, courage, Israel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּקְרָ֨א מֹשֶׁ֜ה לִֽיהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֜יו לְעֵינֵ֣י כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֘לחֲזַ֣ק וֶאֱמָץ֒ כִּ֣י אַתָּ֗ה תָּבוֹא֙ אֶת־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה אֶל־הָאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִשְׁבַּ֧ע יְהוָ֛ה לַאֲבֹתָ֖ם לָתֵ֣ת לָהֶ֑ם וְאַתָּ֖ה תַּנְחִילֶ֥נָּה אוֹתָֽם׃ [And Moses called unto Joshua, and said unto him in the sight of all Israel: 'Be strong and of good courage; for thou shalt go with this people into the land which the LORD hath sworn unto their fathers to give them; and thou shalt cause them to inherit it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.861/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:842 # text = וַיִּקְרָ֨א מֹשֶׁ֜ה לִֽיהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֜יו לְעֵינֵ֣י כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֘לחֲזַ֣ק וֶאֱמָץ֒ כִּ֣י אַתָּ֗ה תָּבוֹא֙ אֶת־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה אֶל־הָאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִשְׁבַּ֧ע יְהוָ֛ה לַאֲבֹתָ֖ם לָתֵ֣ת לָהֶ֑ם וְאַתָּ֖ה תַּנְחִילֶ֥נָּה אוֹתָֽם׃ # verse = DEU.31.7 1-2 וַיִּקְרָ֨א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_31:7!1|MId=o050310070011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּקְרָ֨א קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.summoned|Ref=DEU_31:7!1|MId=o050310070012|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:050310070021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 מֹשֶׁ֜ה מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Moses|Ref=DEU_31:7!2|MId=o050310070021|Strong=4872 4-5 לִֽיהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לִֽ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=DEU_31:7!3|MId=o050310070031|Strong=3807a 5 יהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ יְהֹושֻׁעַ PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Joshua|Ref=DEU_31:7!3|MId=o050310070032|Strong=3091 6-7 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_31:7!4|MId=o050310070041|Strong=2050b 7 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=DEU_31:7!4|MId=o050310070042|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:050310070021;|Type=wayyiqtol 8-9 אֵלָ֜יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 אֵלָ֜י אֶל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_31:7!5|MId=o050310070051|Strong=0413 9 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=DEU_31:7!5|MId=o050310070052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10-11 לְעֵינֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_31:7!6|MId=o050310070061|Strong=3807a 11 עֵינֵ֣י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 7 obl _ Gloss=the.eyes|Ref=DEU_31:7!6|MId=o050310070062|Strong=5869 12 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.all|Ref=DEU_31:7!7|MId=o050310070071|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 יִשְׂרָאֵ֘לחֲזַ֣ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 יִשְׂרָאֵ֘ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=DEU_31:7!8|MId=o050310070081|Strong=3478 14 חֲזַ֣ק חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 7 ccomp _ Gloss=be.strong|Ref=DEU_31:7!9|MId=o050310070091|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:050310070032;|Type=imperative 15-16 וֶאֱמָץ֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וֶ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_31:7!10|MId=o050310070101|Strong=2050b 16 אֱמָץ֒ אָמֵץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 14 conj _ Gloss=be.bold|Ref=DEU_31:7!10|MId=o050310070102|Strong=0553|Frame=A0:050310070032;|Type=imperative 17 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=DEU_31:7!11|MId=o050310070111|Strong=3588 18 אַתָּ֗ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_31:7!12|MId=o050310070121|Strong=0859|Type=personal 19 תָּבוֹא֙ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 14 advcl _ Gloss=you.will.go|Ref=DEU_31:7!13|MId=o050310070131|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:050310070121;|Type=yiqtol 20 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DEU_31:7!14|MId=o050310070141|Strong=0854|SpaceAfter=No 21-22 הָעָ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_31:7!15|MId=o050310070151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 עָ֣ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=people|Ref=DEU_31:7!15|MId=o050310070152|Strong=5971 23-24 הַזֶּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_31:7!16|MId=o050310070161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 זֶּ֔ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 22 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=DEU_31:7!16|MId=o050310070162|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 25 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=DEU_31:7!17|MId=o050310070171|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 26-27 הָאָ֕רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_31:7!18|MId=o050310070181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 אָ֕רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=DEU_31:7!18|MId=o050310070182|Strong=0776 28 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 29 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_31:7!19|MId=o050310070191|Strong=0834|Type=relative 29 נִשְׁבַּ֧ע שָׁבַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 27 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.swore|Ref=DEU_31:7!20|MId=o050310070201|Strong=7650|Frame=A0:050310070211;|Type=qatal 30 יְהוָ֛ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 29 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=DEU_31:7!21|MId=o050310070211|Strong=3068 31-33 לַאֲבֹתָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_31:7!22|MId=o050310070221|Strong=3807a 32 אֲבֹת אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 obl _ Gloss=ancestors|Ref=DEU_31:7!22|MId=o050310070222|Strong=0001 33 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=DEU_31:7!22|MId=o050310070223|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 34-35 לָתֵ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_31:7!23|MId=o050310070231|Strong=3807a 35 תֵ֣ת נָתַן VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 29 xcomp _ Gloss=give|Ref=DEU_31:7!23|MId=o050310070232|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:050310070211;A1:050310070182;|Type=infinitive_construct 36-37 לָהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 ל לְ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_31:7!24|MId=o050310070241|Strong=3807a 37 ָהֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=DEU_31:7!24|MId=o050310070242|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 38-39 וְאַתָּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 40 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_31:7!25|MId=o050310070251|Strong=2050b 39 אַתָּ֖ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_31:7!25|MId=o050310070252|Strong=0859|Type=personal 40-41 תַּנְחִילֶ֥נָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 תַּנְחִיל נָחַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 14 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_31:7!26|MId=o050310070261|Strong=5157|Frame=AA:050310070252;A1:050310070262;A0:050310070272;|Type=yiqtol 41 ֶ֥נָּה הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 xcomp _ Gloss=will.give.it.as.an.inheritance|Ref=DEU_31:7!26|MId=o050310070262|Strong=5089a|Type=pronominal 42-43 אוֹתָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 43 case _ Gloss=|Ref=DEU_31:7!27|MId=o050310070271|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 43 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=DEU_31:7!27|MId=o050310070272|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 44 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 43 punct _ Ref=DEU_31:7!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּקְרָא *he summoned* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* | | | | | חֲזַק *be strong* | imperative · qal | יהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | אֱמָץ *be bold* | imperative · qal | יהוֹשֻׁעַ *Joshua* | | | | | תָּבוֹא *you will go* | yiqtol · qal | אַתָּה *you* | | | | | נִשְׁבַּע *he swore* | qatal · niphal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | תֵת *give* | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | אָרֶץ *land* | | | | תַּנְחִיל *you* | yiqtol · hiphil | ָֽם *them* | ֶנָּה *will give it as an inheritance* | | אַתָּה *you* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּקְרָא מֹשֶׁה לִיהוֹשֻׁעַ וַאֲמַר לֵהּ לְעֵינֵי כָל יִשְׂרָאֵל תְּקַף וְאַלִים אֲרֵי אַתְּ תֵּעוּל עִם עַמָא הָדֵין לְאַרְעָא דִי קַיִים יְיָ לַאֲבְהָתְהוֹן לְמִתַּן לְהוֹן וְאַתְּ תַּחְסְנִנַהּ יָתְהוֹן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Moses called unto Joshua, and said unto him in the sight of all Israel: 'Be strong and of good courage; for thou shalt go with this people into the land which the LORD hath sworn unto their fathers to give them; and thou shalt cause them to inherit it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.861/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:842`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 31:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.6/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 31:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.31.8/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/31/)