--- title: Deuteronomy 32:43 — Sing aloud, O ye nations, of His people; for He doth avenge the bloo… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Sing aloud, O ye nations, of His people; for He doth avenge the blood of His servants, and doth render vengeance to His adversaries, and doth make expiation for the land of His people. Who acts: you, sword. Deuteronomy 32:43 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragma --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.32.43/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/32/) / 32:43 # Deuteronomy 32:43 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** you, sword · **What happens:** sing, avenge, render, make · **To what, where:** blood, vengeance, adversaries, expiation This is Deuteronomy 32:43 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, sword — and what happens in the verse to blood, vengeance, adversaries, expiation, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הַרְנִ֤ינוּ גוֹיִם֙ עַמּ֔וֹ כִּ֥י דַם־עֲבָדָ֖יו יִקּ֑וֹם וְנָקָם֙ יָשִׁ֣יב לְצָרָ֔יו וְכִפֶּ֥ר אַדְמָת֖וֹ עַמּֽוֹ׃פ [Sing aloud, O ye nations, of His people; for He doth avenge the blood of His servants, and doth render vengeance to His adversaries, and doth make expiation for the land of His people.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.928/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:908 # text = הַרְנִ֤ינוּ גוֹיִם֙ עַמּ֔וֹ כִּ֥י דַם־עֲבָדָ֖יו יִקּ֑וֹם וְנָקָם֙ יָשִׁ֣יב לְצָרָ֔יו וְכִפֶּ֥ר אַדְמָת֖וֹ עַמּֽוֹ׃פ # verse = DEU.32.43 1 הַרְנִ֤ינוּ רָנַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=make.shout.for.joy|Ref=DEU_32:43!1|MId=o050320430011|Strong=7442|Frame=A0:050320430021;|Type=imperative 2 גוֹיִם֙ גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 dislocated _ Gloss=O.nations|Ref=DEU_32:43!2|MId=o050320430021|Strong=1471 3-4 עַמּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obl _ Gloss=people|Ref=DEU_32:43!3|MId=o050320430031|Strong=5971 4 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DEU_32:43!3|MId=o050320430032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=DEU_32:43!4|MId=o050320430041|Strong=3588 6 דַם־ דָּם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=the.blood|Ref=DEU_32:43!5|MId=o050320430051|Strong=1818|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 עֲבָדָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 עֲבָדָ֖י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.servants|Ref=DEU_32:43!6|MId=o050320430061|Strong=5650 8 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DEU_32:43!6|MId=o050320430062|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9 יִקּ֑וֹם נָקַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 advcl _ Gloss=he.will.avenge|Ref=DEU_32:43!7|MId=o050320430071|Strong=5358|Frame=A0:050320360031;A1:050320430051;|Type=yiqtol 10-11 וְנָקָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_32:43!8|MId=o050320430081|Strong=2050b 11 נָקָם֙ נָקָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=vengeance|Ref=DEU_32:43!8|MId=o050320430082|Strong=5359 12 יָשִׁ֣יב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=he.will.return|Ref=DEU_32:43!9|MId=o050320430091|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:050320360031;A0:050320430082;|Type=yiqtol 13-15 לְצָרָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_32:43!10|MId=o050320430101|Strong=3807a 14 צָרָ֔י צַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 obl _ Gloss=foes|Ref=DEU_32:43!10|MId=o050320430102|Strong=6862a 15 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DEU_32:43!10|MId=o050320430103|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16-17 וְכִפֶּ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_32:43!11|MId=o050320430111|Strong=2050b 17 כִפֶּ֥ר כִּפֶּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=he.will.make.atonement.for|Ref=DEU_32:43!11|MId=o050320430112|Strong=3722|Frame=A0:050320360031;A1:050320430121;050320430131;|Type=weqatal 18-19 אַדְמָת֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אַדְמָת אֲדָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=land|Ref=DEU_32:43!12|MId=o050320430121|Strong=0127 19 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DEU_32:43!12|MId=o050320430122|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20-21 עַמּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 conj _ Gloss=people|Ref=DEU_32:43!13|MId=o050320430131|Strong=5971 21 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DEU_32:43!13|MId=o050320430132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=DEU_32:43!13|SpaceAfter=No 23 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=DEU_32:43!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַרְנִינוּ *make shout for joy* | imperative · hiphil | גוֹיִם *O nations* | | | | | יִקּוֹם *he will avenge* | yiqtol · qal | | דַם־ *the blood* | | | | יָשִׁיב *he will return* | yiqtol · hiphil | נָקָם *vengeance* | | | | | כִפֶּר *he will make atonement for* | weqatal · piel | | אַדְמָת *land* + עַמּ *people* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} שַׁבָּחוּ עַמְמַיָא עַמֵהּ אֲרֵי פֻּרְעֲנוּת עַבְדוֹהִי צַדִיקַיָא יִתְפְּרַע וּפֻרְעֲנוּת יָתֵיב לְסָנְאוֹהִי וִיכַפֵּר עַל אַרְעֵהּ וְעַל עַמֵהּ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Sing aloud, O ye nations, of His people; for He doth avenge the blood of His servants, and doth render vengeance to His adversaries, and doth make expiation for the land of His people.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.928/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:908`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 32:42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.32.42/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 32:44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.32.44/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/32/)