--- title: Deuteronomy 33:28 — And Israel dwelleth in safety, the fountain of Jacob alone, in a lan… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Israel dwelleth in safety, the fountain of Jacob alone, in a land of corn and wine; yea, his heavens drop down dew. Who acts: Israel, heavens. Deuteronomy 33:28 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.33.28/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/33/) / 33:28 # Deuteronomy 33:28 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** Israel, heavens · **What happens:** dwell, drop down · **To what, where:** safety, dew This is Deuteronomy 33:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Israel, heavens — and what happens in the verse to safety, dew, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁכֹּן֩ יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל בֶּ֤טַח בָּדָד֙ עֵ֣ין יַעֲקֹ֔ב אֶל־אֶ֖רֶץ דָּגָ֣ן וְתִיר֑וֹשׁ אַף־שָׁמָ֖יו יַֽעַרְפוּטָֽל׃ [And Israel dwelleth in safety, the fountain of Jacob alone, in a land of corn and wine; yea, his heavens drop down dew.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.965/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:945 # text = וַיִּשְׁכֹּן֩ יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל בֶּ֤טַח בָּדָד֙ עֵ֣ין יַעֲקֹ֔ב אֶל־אֶ֖רֶץ דָּגָ֣ן וְתִיר֑וֹשׁ אַף־שָׁמָ֖יו יַֽעַרְפוּטָֽל׃ # verse = DEU.33.28 1-2 וַיִּשְׁכֹּן֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_33:28!1|MId=o050330280011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁכֹּן֩ שָׁכַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.has.dwelt|Ref=DEU_33:28!1|MId=o050330280012|Strong=7931|Frame=A0:050330280021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=DEU_33:28!2|MId=o050330280021|Strong=3478 4 בֶּ֤טַח בֶּטַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=security|Ref=DEU_33:28!3|MId=o050330280031|Strong=0983 5 בָּדָד֙ בָּדָד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=alone|Ref=DEU_33:28!4|MId=o050330280041|Strong=0910 6 עֵ֣ין עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=the.spring|Ref=DEU_33:28!5|MId=o050330280051|Strong=5869 7 יַעֲקֹ֔ב יַעֲקֹב PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jacob|Ref=DEU_33:28!6|MId=o050330280061|Strong=3290 8 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_33:28!7|MId=o050330280071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 9 אֶ֖רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=a.land|Ref=DEU_33:28!8|MId=o050330280081|Strong=0776 10 דָּגָ֣ן דָּגָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.grain|Ref=DEU_33:28!9|MId=o050330280091|Strong=1715 11-12 וְתִיר֑וֹשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_33:28!10|MId=o050330280101|Strong=2050b 12 תִיר֑וֹשׁ תִּירוֹשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 conj _ Gloss=new.wine|Ref=DEU_33:28!10|MId=o050330280102|Strong=8492 13 אַף־ אַף ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=DEU_33:28!11|MId=o050330280111|Strong=0637|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 שָׁמָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 שָׁמָ֖י שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ Gloss=heavens|Ref=DEU_33:28!12|MId=o050330280121|Strong=8064 15 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DEU_33:28!12|MId=o050330280122|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16-17 יַֽעַרְפוּטָֽל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 יַֽעַרְפוּ עָרַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.drop|Ref=DEU_33:28!13|MId=o050330280131|Strong=6201|Frame=A0:050330280121;A1:050330280141;|Type=yiqtol 17 טָֽל טַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=dew|Ref=DEU_33:28!14|MId=o050330280141|Strong=2919 18 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=DEU_33:28!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁכֹּן *it has dwelt* | wayyiqtol · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | | | | | יַֽעַרְפוּ *they drop* | yiqtol · qal | שָׁמָי *heavens* | טָֽל *dew* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּשְׁרָא יִשְׂרָאֵל לְרָחְצָן בִּלְחוֹדוֹהִי כְּעֵין בִּרְכְּתָא דְבָרֵכִנוּן יַעֲקֹב אֲבוּהוֹן לְאַרְעָא עָבְדָא עִבוּר וַחֲמָר אַף שְׁמַיָא דְעִלָוֵיהוֹן יְשַׁ מְשֻׁנוּן בְּטַלָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Israel dwelleth in safety, the fountain of Jacob alone, in a land of corn and wine; yea, his heavens drop down dew.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.965/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:945`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 33:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.33.27/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 33:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.33.29/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/33/)