--- title: Deuteronomy 4:11 — And ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burn… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire unto the heart of heaven, with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness. Who acts: ye, mountain. Deuteronomy 4:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/4/) / 4:11 # Deuteronomy 4:11 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** ye, mountain · **What happens:** come, stand, burn · **To what, where:** mountain This is Deuteronomy 4:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, mountain — and what happens in the verse to mountain, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתִּקְרְב֥וּן וַתַּֽעַמְד֖וּן תַּ֣חַת הָהָ֑ר וְהָהָ֞ר בֹּעֵ֤ר בָּאֵשׁ֙ עַד־לֵ֣ב הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם חֹ֖שֶׁךְ עָנָ֥ן וַעֲרָפֶֽל׃ [And ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire unto the heart of heaven, with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.123/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:122 # text = וַתִּקְרְב֥וּן וַתַּֽעַמְד֖וּן תַּ֣חַת הָהָ֑ר וְהָהָ֞ר בֹּעֵ֤ר בָּאֵשׁ֙ עַד־לֵ֣ב הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם חֹ֖שֶׁךְ עָנָ֥ן וַעֲרָפֶֽל׃ # verse = DEU.4.11 1-3 וַתִּקְרְב֥וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:11!1|MId=o050040110011|Strong=2050b 2 תִּקְרְב֥וּ קָרַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_4:11!1|MId=o050040110012|Strong=7126|Frame=A0:050040040022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ן נ X _ _ 2 nmod _ Gloss=drew.near|Ref=DEU_4:11!1|MId=o050040110013|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 4-6 וַתַּֽעַמְד֖וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:11!2|MId=o050040110021|Strong=2050b 5 תַּֽעַמְד֖וּ עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_4:11!2|MId=o050040110022|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:050040040022;|Type=wayyiqtol 6 ן נ X _ _ 5 nmod _ Gloss=stood|Ref=DEU_4:11!2|MId=o050040110023|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 7 תַּ֣חַת תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 5 obl _ Gloss=under|Ref=DEU_4:11!3|MId=o050040110031|Strong=8478 8-9 הָהָ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_4:11!4|MId=o050040110041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 הָ֑ר הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=mountain|Ref=DEU_4:11!4|MId=o050040110042|Strong=2022 10-12 וְהָהָ֞ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:11!5|MId=o050040110051|Strong=2050b 11 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_4:11!5|MId=o050040110052|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 הָ֞ר הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=mountain|Ref=DEU_4:11!5|MId=o050040110053|Strong=2022 13 בֹּעֵ֤ר בָּעַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[was].burning|Ref=DEU_4:11!6|MId=o050040110061|Strong=1197|Frame=A0:050040110053;|Type=participle_active 14-16 בָּאֵשׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DEU_4:11!7|MId=o050040110071|Strong=0871a 15 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_4:11!7|MId=o050040110071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 אֵשׁ֙ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=DEU_4:11!7|MId=o050040110072|Strong=0784 17 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_4:11!8|MId=o050040110081|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 18 לֵ֣ב לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=the.heart|Ref=DEU_4:11!9|MId=o050040110091|Strong=3820 19-20 הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=DEU_4:11!10|MId=o050040110101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 שָּׁמַ֔יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=DEU_4:11!10|MId=o050040110102|Strong=8064 21 חֹ֖שֶׁךְ חֹשֶׁךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=darkness|Ref=DEU_4:11!11|MId=o050040110111|Strong=2822 22 עָנָ֥ן עָנָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 conj _ Gloss=cloud|Ref=DEU_4:11!12|MId=o050040110121|Strong=6051 23-24 וַעֲרָפֶֽל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:11!13|MId=o050040110131|Strong=2050b 24 עֲרָפֶֽל עֲרָפֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 conj _ Gloss=thick.darkness|Ref=DEU_4:11!13|MId=o050040110132|Strong=6205 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=DEU_4:11!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תִּקְרְבוּ *you* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | תַּֽעַמְדוּ *you* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | בֹּעֵר *\[was\] burning* | participle active · qal | הָר *mountain* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּקְרֶבְתּוּן וְקַמְתּוּן בְּשִׁפּוֹלֵי טוּרָא וְטוּרָא בָּעֵר בְּאֶשָׁתָא עַד צֵית שְׁמַיָא חֲשׁוֹכָא עֲנָנָא וַאֲמִיטְתָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire unto the heart of heaven, with darkness, cloud, and thick darkness.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.123/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:122`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 4:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.10/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 4:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.12/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/4/)