--- title: Deuteronomy 4:15 — Take ye therefore good heed unto yourselves — for ye saw no manner o… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Take ye therefore good heed unto yourselves — for ye saw no manner of form on the day that the LORD spoke unto you in Horeb out of the midst of the fire — Who acts: ye, LORD. Deuteronomy 4:15 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/4/) / 4:15 # Deuteronomy 4:15 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** ye, LORD · **What happens:** take, see, speak · **To what, where:** good heed, manner, day, Horeb · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Deuteronomy 4:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, LORD — and what happens in the verse to good heed, manner, day, Horeb, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם מְאֹ֖ד לְנַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם כִּ֣י לֹ֤א רְאִיתֶם֙ כָּל־תְּמוּנָ֔ה בְּי֗וֹם דִּבֶּ֨ר יְהוָ֧ה אֲלֵיכֶ֛ם בְּחֹרֵ֖ב מִתּ֥וֹךְ הָאֵֽשׁ׃ [Take ye therefore good heed unto yourselves — for ye saw no manner of form on the day that the LORD spoke unto you in Horeb out of the midst of the fire —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.127/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:126 # text = וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם מְאֹ֖ד לְנַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם כִּ֣י לֹ֤א רְאִיתֶם֙ כָּל־תְּמוּנָ֔ה בְּי֗וֹם דִּבֶּ֨ר יְהוָ֧ה אֲלֵיכֶ֛ם בְּחֹרֵ֖ב מִתּ֥וֹךְ הָאֵֽשׁ׃ # verse = DEU.4.15 1-2 וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:15!1|MId=o050040150011|Strong=2050b 2 נִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.take.heed|Ref=DEU_4:15!1|MId=o050040150012|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:050040040022;|Type=weqatal 3 מְאֹ֖ד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=exceedingly|Ref=DEU_4:15!2|MId=o050040150021|Strong=3966 4-6 לְנַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_4:15!3|MId=o050040150031|Strong=3807a 5 נַפְשֹׁתֵי נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=selves|Ref=DEU_4:15!3|MId=o050040150032|Strong=5315 6 כֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_4:15!3|MId=o050040150033|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 7 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=DEU_4:15!4|MId=o050040150041|Strong=3588 8 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_4:15!5|MId=o050040150051|Strong=3808|Type=negative 9 רְאִיתֶם֙ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 advcl _ Gloss=you.saw|Ref=DEU_4:15!6|MId=o050040150061|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:050040040022;A1:050040150081;|Type=qatal 10 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=any|Ref=DEU_4:15!7|MId=o050040150071|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 11 תְּמוּנָ֔ה תְּמוּנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=form|Ref=DEU_4:15!8|MId=o050040150081|Strong=8544 12-13 בְּי֗וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=on.[the]|Ref=DEU_4:15!9|MId=o050040150091|Strong=0871a 13 י֗וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=DEU_4:15!9|MId=o050040150092|Strong=3117 14 דִּבֶּ֨ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 13 acl _ Gloss=[when].he.spoke|Ref=DEU_4:15!10|MId=o050040150101|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:050040150111;|Type=qatal 15 יְהוָ֧ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 14 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=DEU_4:15!11|MId=o050040150111|Strong=3068 16-17 אֲלֵיכֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_4:15!12|MId=o050040150121|Strong=0413 17 כֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_4:15!12|MId=o050040150122|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 18-19 בְּחֹרֵ֖ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=DEU_4:15!13|MId=o050040150131|Strong=0871a 19 חֹרֵ֖ב חֹרֵב PROPN _ _ 14 obl _ Gloss=Horeb|Ref=DEU_4:15!13|MId=o050040150132|Strong=2722 20-21 מִתּ֥וֹךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DEU_4:15!14|MId=o050040150141|Strong=4480 21 תּ֥וֹךְ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=the.middle|Ref=DEU_4:15!14|MId=o050040150142|Strong=8432 22-23 הָאֵֽשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=DEU_4:15!15|MId=o050040150151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 אֵֽשׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.fire|Ref=DEU_4:15!15|MId=o050040150152|Strong=0784 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=DEU_4:15!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נִשְׁמַרְתֶּם *you will take heed* | weqatal · niphal | | | | | | **not** רְאִיתֶם *you saw* | qatal · qal | | תְּמוּנָה *form* | | | | דִּבֶּר *\[when\] he spoke* | qatal · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְתִסְתַּמְרוּן לַחֲדָא לְנַפְשָׁתֵיכוֹן אֲרֵי לָא חֲזֵיתוּן כָּל דְמוּת בְּיוֹמָא דִי מַלִיל יְיָ עִמְכוֹן בְּחֹרֵב מִגוֹ אֶשָׁתָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Take ye therefore good heed unto yourselves — for ye saw no manner of form on the day that the LORD spoke unto you in Horeb out of the midst of the fire —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.127/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:126`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 4:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.14/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 4:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.16/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/4/)