--- title: Deuteronomy 4:19 — and lest thou lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and lest thou lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest the sun and the moon and the stars, even all the host of heaven, thou be drawn away and worship them, and serve them, which the LORD thy God hath allotted unto all the peoples under the whole heaven. Who acts: thou, LORD. Deuteronomy --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/4/) / 4:19 # Deuteronomy 4:19 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** thou, LORD · **What happens:** lift up, see, draw away, worship, serve, allot · **To what, where:** eyes, sun, thou This is Deuteronomy 4:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, LORD — and what happens in the verse to eyes, sun, thou, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּפֶן־תִּשָּׂ֨א עֵינֶ֜יךָ הַשָּׁמַ֗יְמָה וְֽ֠רָאִיתָ אֶת־הַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ וְאֶת־הַיָּרֵ֜חַ וְאֶת־הַכּֽוֹכָבִ֗ים כֹּ֚ל צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְנִדַּחְתָּ֛ וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֥יתָ לָהֶ֖ם וַעֲבַדְתָּ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר חָלַ֜ק יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֹתָ֔ם לְכֹל֙ הָֽעַמִּ֔ים תַּ֖חַת כָּל־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃ [and lest thou lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest the sun and the moon and the stars, even all the host of heaven, thou be drawn away and worship them, and serve them, which the LORD thy God hath allotted unto all the peoples under the whole heaven.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.131/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:130 # text = וּפֶן־תִּשָּׂ֨א עֵינֶ֜יךָ הַשָּׁמַ֗יְמָה וְֽ֠רָאִיתָ אֶת־הַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ וְאֶת־הַיָּרֵ֜חַ וְאֶת־הַכּֽוֹכָבִ֗ים כֹּ֚ל צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְנִדַּחְתָּ֛ וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֥יתָ לָהֶ֖ם וַעֲבַדְתָּ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר חָלַ֜ק יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֹתָ֔ם לְכֹל֙ הָֽעַמִּ֔ים תַּ֖חַת כָּל־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃ # verse = DEU.4.19 1-2 וּפֶן־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:19!1|MId=o050040190011|Strong=2050b 2 פֶן־ פֶּן SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=lest|Ref=DEU_4:19!1|MId=o050040190012|Strong=6435 3 תִּשָּׂ֨א נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.should.lift.up|Ref=DEU_4:19!2|MId=o050040190021|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:050040040022;A1:050040190031;|Type=yiqtol 4-5 עֵינֶ֜יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 עֵינֶ֜י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 3 obj _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=DEU_4:19!3|MId=o050040190031|Strong=5869 5 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_4:19!3|MId=o050040190032|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 6-8 הַשָּׁמַ֗יְמָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_4:19!4|MId=o050040190041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 שָּׁמַ֗יְמ שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 obl _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_4:19!4|MId=o050040190042|Strong=8064 8 ָה ה X _ _ 7 nmod _ Gloss=heavens|Ref=DEU_4:19!4|MId=o050040190043|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 9-10 וְֽ֠רָאִיתָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְֽ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:19!5|MId=o050040190051|Strong=2050b 10 רָאִיתָ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 3 conj _ Gloss=you.will.see|Ref=DEU_4:19!5|MId=o050040190052|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:050040040022;A1:050040190072;050040190092;050040190112;|Type=weqatal 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_4:19!6|MId=o050040190061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 הַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_4:19!7|MId=o050040190071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 שֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ שֶׁמֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=sun|Ref=DEU_4:19!7|MId=o050040190072|Strong=8121 14-15 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:19!8|MId=o050040190081|Strong=2050b 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_4:19!8|MId=o050040190082|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 16-17 הַיָּרֵ֜חַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_4:19!9|MId=o050040190091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 יָּרֵ֜חַ יָרֵחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 conj _ Gloss=moon|Ref=DEU_4:19!9|MId=o050040190092|Strong=3394 18-19 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:19!10|MId=o050040190101|Strong=2050b 19 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_4:19!10|MId=o050040190102|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 20-21 הַכּֽוֹכָבִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_4:19!11|MId=o050040190111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 כּֽוֹכָבִ֗ים כּוֹכָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 conj _ Gloss=stars|Ref=DEU_4:19!11|MId=o050040190112|Strong=3556 22 כֹּ֚ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 appos _ Gloss=all|Ref=DEU_4:19!12|MId=o050040190121|Strong=3605 23 צְבָ֣א צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.host|Ref=DEU_4:19!13|MId=o050040190131|Strong=6635 24-25 הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=DEU_4:19!14|MId=o050040190141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 שָּׁמַ֔יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.heavens|Ref=DEU_4:19!14|MId=o050040190142|Strong=8064 26-27 וְנִדַּחְתָּ֛ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:19!15|MId=o050040190151|Strong=2050b 27 נִדַּחְתָּ֛ נָדַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 3 conj _ Gloss=you.will.be.drawn.aside|Ref=DEU_4:19!15|MId=o050040190152|Strong=5080|Frame=A1:050040040022;|Type=weqatal 28-29 וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֥יתָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:19!16|MId=o050040190161|Strong=2050b 29 הִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֥יתָ חוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2 3 conj _ Gloss=you.will.bow.down|Ref=DEU_4:19!16|MId=o050040190162|Strong=7812a|Frame=A0:050040040022;|Type=weqatal 30-31 לָהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 ל לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_4:19!17|MId=o050040190171|Strong=3807a 31 ָהֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=DEU_4:19!17|MId=o050040190172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 32-34 וַעֲבַדְתָּ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:19!18|MId=o050040190181|Strong=2050b 33 עֲבַדְתָּ֑ עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 3 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_4:19!18|MId=o050040190182|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:050040040022;A1:050040190183;|Type=weqatal 34 ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obj _ Gloss=will.serve.them|Ref=DEU_4:19!18|MId=o050040190183|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 35 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 36 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_4:19!19|MId=o050040190191|Strong=0834|Type=relative 36 חָלַ֜ק חָלַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 34 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.has.assigned|Ref=DEU_4:19!20|MId=o050040190201|Strong=2505|Frame=A0:050040190211;A1:050040190232;|Type=qatal 37 יְהוָ֤ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 36 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=DEU_4:19!21|MId=o050040190211|Strong=3068 38-39 אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 אֱלֹהֶ֙י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 37 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=DEU_4:19!22|MId=o050040190221|Strong=0430 39 ךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_4:19!22|MId=o050040190222|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 40-41 אֹתָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=|Ref=DEU_4:19!23|MId=o050040190231|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 41 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=DEU_4:19!23|MId=o050040190232|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 42-43 לְכֹל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 43 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_4:19!24|MId=o050040190241|Strong=3807a 43 כֹל֙ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=DEU_4:19!24|MId=o050040190242|Strong=3605 44-45 הָֽעַמִּ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 45 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_4:19!25|MId=o050040190251|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 45 עַמִּ֔ים עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 43 compound:smixut _ Gloss=peoples|Ref=DEU_4:19!25|MId=o050040190252|Strong=5971 46 תַּ֖חַת תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 45 nmod _ Gloss=under|Ref=DEU_4:19!26|MId=o050040190261|Strong=8478 47 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 46 compound:smixut _ Gloss=all|Ref=DEU_4:19!27|MId=o050040190271|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 48-49 הַשָּׁמָֽיִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 49 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_4:19!28|MId=o050040190281|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 49 שָּׁמָֽיִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 47 compound:smixut _ Gloss=heavens|Ref=DEU_4:19!28|MId=o050040190282|Strong=8064 50 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 49 punct _ Ref=DEU_4:19!28 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תִּשָּׂא *you should lift up* | yiqtol · qal | | עֵינֶי *eyes* | | | | רָאִיתָ *you will see* | weqatal · qal | | שֶּׁמֶשׁ *sun* + יָּרֵחַ *moon* + כּֽוֹכָבִים *stars* | | | | נִדַּחְתָּ *you will be drawn aside* | weqatal · niphal | | | | | | הִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתָ *you will bow down* | weqatal | | | | | | עֲבַדְתָּ *you* | weqatal · qal | | ם *will serve them* | | | | חָלַק *he has assigned* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ָם *them* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְדִילְמָא תִזְקוֹף עֵינָיךְ לִשְׁמַיָא וְתֶחֱזֵי יָת שִׁמְשָׁא וְיָת סִיהֲרָא וְיָת כּוֹכְבַיָא כֹּל חֵילֵי שְׁמַיָא וְתִטְעֵי וְתִסְגוּד לְהוֹן וְתִפְלְחִנוּן דִי זַמִין יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ יָתְהוֹן לְכֹל עַמְמַיָא תְּחוֹת כָּל שְׁמַיָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and lest thou lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest the sun and the moon and the stars, even all the host of heaven, thou be drawn away and worship them, and serve them, which the LORD thy God hath allotted unto all the peoples under the whole heaven.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.131/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:130`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 4:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.18/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 4:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.20/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/4/)