--- title: Deuteronomy 4:23 — Take heed unto yourselves, lest ye forget the covenant of the LORD y… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Take heed unto yourselves, lest ye forget the covenant of the LORD your God, which He made with you, and make you a graven image, even the likeness of any thing which the LORD thy God hath forbidden thee. Who acts: you, ye, LORD. Deuteronomy 4:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, J --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/4/) / 4:23 # Deuteronomy 4:23 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** you, ye, LORD · **What happens:** take, forget, make, forbid, covenant · **To what, where:** heed, covenant, graven image, you, thing This is Deuteronomy 4:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, ye, LORD — and what happens in the verse to heed, covenant, graven image, you, thing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הִשָּׁמְר֣וּ לָכֶ֗ם פֶּֽן־תִּשְׁכְּחוּ֙ אֶת־בְּרִ֤ית יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹ֣הֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּרַ֖ת עִמָּכֶ֑ם וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם לָכֶ֥ם פֶּ֙סֶל֙ תְּמ֣וּנַת כֹּ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוְּךָ֖ יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃ [Take heed unto yourselves, lest ye forget the covenant of the LORD your God, which He made with you, and make you a graven image, even the likeness of any thing which the LORD thy God hath forbidden thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.135/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:134 # text = הִשָּׁמְר֣וּ לָכֶ֗ם פֶּֽן־תִּשְׁכְּחוּ֙ אֶת־בְּרִ֤ית יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹ֣הֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּרַ֖ת עִמָּכֶ֑ם וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם לָכֶ֥ם פֶּ֙סֶל֙ תְּמ֣וּנַת כֹּ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוְּךָ֖ יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃ # verse = DEU.4.23 1 הִשָּׁמְר֣וּ שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=take.heed|Ref=DEU_4:23!1|MId=o050040230011|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:050040040022;|Type=imperative 2-3 לָכֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 ל לְ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_4:23!2|MId=o050040230021|Strong=3807a 3 ָכֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 1 obl _ Gloss=yourselves|Ref=DEU_4:23!2|MId=o050040230022|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 4 פֶּֽן־ פֶּן SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=lest|Ref=DEU_4:23!3|MId=o050040230031|Strong=6435|SpaceAfter=No 5 תִּשְׁכְּחוּ֙ שָׁכַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 1 advcl _ Gloss=you.should.forget|Ref=DEU_4:23!4|MId=o050040230041|Strong=7911|Frame=A0:050040040022;A1:050040230061;|Type=yiqtol 6 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_4:23!5|MId=o050040230051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 7 בְּרִ֤ית בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 obj _ Gloss=the.covenant|Ref=DEU_4:23!6|MId=o050040230061|Strong=1285 8 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=DEU_4:23!7|MId=o050040230071|Strong=3068 9-10 אֱלֹ֣הֵיכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אֱלֹ֣הֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=DEU_4:23!8|MId=o050040230081|Strong=0430 10 כֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_4:23!8|MId=o050040230082|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 11 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_4:23!9|MId=o050040230091|Strong=0834|Type=relative 12 כָּרַ֖ת כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.has.made|Ref=DEU_4:23!10|MId=o050040230101|Strong=3772|Frame=A0:050040230071;A1:050040230061;|Type=qatal 13-14 עִמָּכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DEU_4:23!11|MId=o050040230111|Strong=5973 14 ָכֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_4:23!11|MId=o050040230112|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 15-16 וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:23!12|MId=o050040230121|Strong=2050b 16 עֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 5 conj _ Gloss=you.will.make|Ref=DEU_4:23!12|MId=o050040230122|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:050040040022;A1:050040230141;|Type=weqatal 17-18 לָכֶ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 ל לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=DEU_4:23!13|MId=o050040230131|Strong=3807a 18 ָכֶ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=yourselves|Ref=DEU_4:23!13|MId=o050040230132|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 19 פֶּ֙סֶל֙ פֶּסֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=an.image|Ref=DEU_4:23!14|MId=o050040230141|Strong=6459 20 תְּמ֣וּנַת תְּמוּנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 appos _ Gloss=a.form|Ref=DEU_4:23!15|MId=o050040230151|Strong=8544 21 כֹּ֔ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.anything|Ref=DEU_4:23!16|MId=o050040230161|Strong=3605 22 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_4:23!17|MId=o050040230171|Strong=0834|Type=relative 23-24 צִוְּךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 צִוּ צָוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 21 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he|Ref=DEU_4:23!18|MId=o050040230181|Strong=6680|Frame=A2:050040230182;A0:050040230191;A1:050040230161;|Type=qatal 24 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ Gloss=commanded.you|Ref=DEU_4:23!18|MId=o050040230182|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 25 יְהוָ֥ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 23 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=DEU_4:23!19|MId=o050040230191|Strong=3068 26-27 אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 אֱלֹהֶֽי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=DEU_4:23!20|MId=o050040230201|Strong=0430 27 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_4:23!20|MId=o050040230202|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=DEU_4:23!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִשָּׁמְרוּ *take heed* | imperative · niphal | | | | | | תִּשְׁכְּחוּ *you should forget* | yiqtol · qal | | בְּרִית *the covenant* | | | | כָּרַת *he has made* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *of Yahweh* | בְּרִית *the covenant* | | | | עֲשִׂיתֶם *you will make* | weqatal · qal | | פֶּסֶל *an image* | | | | צִוּ *he* | qatal · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | כֹּל *of anything* | ְךָ *commanded you* | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} אִסְתַּמָרוּ לְכוֹן דִילְמָא תִתְנְשׁוּן יָת קְיָמָא דַיְיָ אֱלָהֲכוֹן דִי גְזַר עִמְכוֹן וְתַעְבְּדוּן לְכוֹן צֶלֶם דְמוּת כֹּלָא דִי פַקְדָךְ יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Take heed unto yourselves, lest ye forget the covenant of the LORD your God, which He made with you, and make you a graven image, even the likeness of any thing which the LORD thy God hath forbidden thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.135/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:134`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 4:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.22/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 4:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.24/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/4/)