--- title: Deuteronomy 4:42 — that the manslayer might flee thither, that slayeth his neighbour un… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: that the manslayer might flee thither, that slayeth his neighbour unawares, and hated him not in time past; and that fleeing unto one of these cities he might live: Who acts: manslayer. Deuteronomy 4:42 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.42/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/4/) / 4:42 # Deuteronomy 4:42 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** manslayer · **What happens:** flee, slay, not hate, live · **To what, where:** neighbour, manslayer, time past This is Deuteronomy 4:42 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — manslayer — and what happens in the verse to neighbour, manslayer, time past, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לָנֻ֨ס שָׁ֜מָּה רוֹצֵ֗חַ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִרְצַ֤ח אֶת־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ בִּבְלִי־דַ֔עַת וְה֛וּא לֹא־שֹׂנֵ֥א ל֖וֹ מִתְּמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשׁ֑וֹם וְנָ֗ס אֶל־אַחַ֛ת מִן־הֶעָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖ל וָחָֽי׃ [that the manslayer might flee thither, that slayeth his neighbour unawares, and hated him not in time past; and that fleeing unto one of these cities he might live:](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.154/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:153 # text = לָנֻ֨ס שָׁ֜מָּה רוֹצֵ֗חַ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִרְצַ֤ח אֶת־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ בִּבְלִי־דַ֔עַת וְה֛וּא לֹא־שֹׂנֵ֥א ל֖וֹ מִתְּמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשׁ֑וֹם וְנָ֗ס אֶל־אַחַ֛ת מִן־הֶעָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖ל וָחָֽי׃ # verse = DEU.4.42 1-2 לָנֻ֨ס _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_4:42!1|MId=o050040420011|Strong=3807a 2 נֻ֨ס נוּס VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 0 root _ Gloss=flee|Ref=DEU_4:42!1|MId=o050040420012|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:050040420031;|Type=infinitive_construct 3-4 שָׁ֜מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 שָׁ֜מּ שָׁם ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_4:42!2|MId=o050040420021|Strong=8033 4 ָה ה X _ _ 3 nmod _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=DEU_4:42!2|MId=o050040420022|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 5 רוֹצֵ֗חַ רָצַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=a.killer|Ref=DEU_4:42!3|MId=o050040420031|Strong=7523|Type=participle_active 6 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=DEU_4:42!4|MId=o050040420041|Strong=0834|Type=relative 7 יִרְצַ֤ח רָצַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.will.kill|Ref=DEU_4:42!5|MId=o050040420051|Strong=7523|Frame=A0:050040420031;A1:050040420071;|Type=yiqtol 8 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=DEU_4:42!6|MId=o050040420061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 רֵע רֵעַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obj _ Gloss=neighbor|Ref=DEU_4:42!7|MId=o050040420071|Strong=7453 10 ֵ֙הוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=DEU_4:42!7|MId=o050040420072|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 11-12 בִּבְלִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=DEU_4:42!8|MId=o050040420081|Strong=0871a 12 בְלִי־ בְּלִי ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_4:42!8|MId=o050040420082|Strong=1097 13 דַ֔עַת דַּעַת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=knowledge|Ref=DEU_4:42!9|MId=o050040420091|Strong=1847 14-15 וְה֛וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:42!10|MId=o050040420101|Strong=2050b 15 ה֛וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=DEU_4:42!10|MId=o050040420102|Strong=1931|Type=personal 16 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=DEU_4:42!11|MId=o050040420111|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 17 שֹׂנֵ֥א שָׂנֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 7 conj _ Gloss=[was].hating|Ref=DEU_4:42!12|MId=o050040420121|Strong=8130|Frame=A0:050040420102;|Type=participle_active 18-19 ל֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 ל לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=DEU_4:42!13|MId=o050040420131|Strong=3807a 19 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=DEU_4:42!13|MId=o050040420132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20-21 מִתְּמ֣וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=DEU_4:42!14|MId=o050040420141|Strong=4480 21 תְּמ֣וֹל תְּמוֹל ADV _ _ 17 obl _ Gloss=yesterday|Ref=DEU_4:42!14|MId=o050040420142|Strong=8543 22 שִׁלְשׁ֑וֹם שִׁלְשֹׁום ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 advmod _ Gloss=[the].third.day|Ref=DEU_4:42!15|MId=o050040420151|Strong=8032 23-24 וְנָ֗ס _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:42!16|MId=o050040420161|Strong=2050b 24 נָ֗ס נוּס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.will.flee|Ref=DEU_4:42!16|MId=o050040420162|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:050040420031;|Type=weqatal 25 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_4:42!17|MId=o050040420171|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 26 אַחַ֛ת אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=one|Ref=DEU_4:42!18|MId=o050040420181|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 27 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=DEU_4:42!19|MId=o050040420191|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 28-29 הֶעָרִ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הֶ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_4:42!20|MId=o050040420201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 עָרִ֥ים עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 26 nmod _ Gloss=cities|Ref=DEU_4:42!20|MId=o050040420202|Strong=5892 30-31 הָאֵ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_4:42!21|MId=o050040420211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 אֵ֖ל אֵל DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 29 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=DEU_4:42!21|MId=o050040420212|Strong=0411|Type=demonstrative 32-33 וָחָֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_4:42!22|MId=o050040420221|Strong=2050b 33 חָֽי חיה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.will.live|Ref=DEU_4:42!22|MId=o050040420222|Strong=2421|Frame=A0:050040420031;|Type=weqatal 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=DEU_4:42!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נֻס *flee* | infinitive construct · qal | רוֹצֵחַ *a killer* | | | | | יִרְצַח *he will kill* | yiqtol · qal | רוֹצֵחַ *a killer* | רֵע *neighbor* | | | | **not** שֹׂנֵא *\[was\] hating* | participle active · qal | הוּא *he* | | | | | נָס *he will flee* | weqatal · qal | רוֹצֵחַ *a killer* | | | | | חָֽי *he will live* | weqatal · qal | רוֹצֵחַ *a killer* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} לְמֵעִירוֹק תַּמָן קָטוֹלָא דִי יִקְטוֹל יָת חַבְרֵהּ בְּלָא מַנְדְעֵי וְהוּא לָא סָנֵי לֵהּ מֵאִתְמַלֵי וּמִדְקַמוֹהִי וְיֵעִרוֹק לְחַד מִן קִרְוַיָא הָאִלֵין וְיִתְקַיָם The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [that the manslayer might flee thither, that slayeth his neighbour unawares, and hated him not in time past; and that fleeing unto one of these cities he might live:](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.154/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:153`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 4:41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.41/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 4:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.43/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/4/)