--- title: Deuteronomy 7:19 — the great trials which thine eyes saw, and the signs, and the wonder… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: the great trials which thine eyes saw, and the signs, and the wonders, and the mighty hand, and the outstretched arm, whereby the LORD thy God brought thee out; so shall the LORD thy God do unto all the peoples of whom thou art afraid. Who acts: eyes, LORD, thou. Deuteronomy 7:19 in Hebrew with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.7.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Deuteronomy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/) / [chapter 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/7/) / 7:19 # Deuteronomy 7:19 דְּבָרִים **Who acts:** eyes, LORD, thou · **What happens:** see, bring out, do, be · **To what, where:** great trials, thee This is Deuteronomy 7:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — eyes, LORD, thou — and what happens in the verse to great trials, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הַמַּסֹּ֨ת הַגְּדֹלֹ֜ת אֲשֶׁר־רָא֣וּ עֵינֶ֗יךָ וְהָאֹתֹ֤ת וְהַמֹּֽפְתִים֙ וְהַיָּ֤ד הַחֲזָקָה֙ וְהַזְּרֹ֣עַ הַנְּטוּיָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר הוֹצִֽאֲךָ֖ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ כֵּֽן־יַעֲשֶׂ֞ה יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ לְכָל־הָ֣עַמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה יָרֵ֖א מִפְּנֵיהֶֽם׃ [the great trials which thine eyes saw, and the signs, and the wonders, and the mighty hand, and the outstretched arm, whereby the LORD thy God brought thee out; so shall the LORD thy God do unto all the peoples of whom thou art afraid.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.239/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:DEU:237 # text = הַמַּסֹּ֨ת הַגְּדֹלֹ֜ת אֲשֶׁר־רָא֣וּ עֵינֶ֗יךָ וְהָאֹתֹ֤ת וְהַמֹּֽפְתִים֙ וְהַיָּ֤ד הַחֲזָקָה֙ וְהַזְּרֹ֣עַ הַנְּטוּיָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר הוֹצִֽאֲךָ֖ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ כֵּֽן־יַעֲשֶׂ֞ה יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ לְכָל־הָ֣עַמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה יָרֵ֖א מִפְּנֵיהֶֽם׃ # verse = DEU.7.19 1-2 הַמַּסֹּ֨ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 2 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_7:19!1|MId=o050070190011|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 2 מַּסֹּ֨ת מַסָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=trials|Ref=DEU_7:19!1|MId=o050070190012|Strong=4531 3-4 הַגְּדֹלֹ֜ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_7:19!2|MId=o050070190021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 גְּדֹלֹ֜ת גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=DEU_7:19!2|MId=o050070190022|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 5 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_7:19!3|MId=o050070190031|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 6 רָא֣וּ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.saw|Ref=DEU_7:19!4|MId=o050070190041|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:050070190051;A1:050070190012;|Type=qatal 7-8 עֵינֶ֗יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 עֵינֶ֗י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 6 nsubj _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=DEU_7:19!5|MId=o050070190051|Strong=5869 8 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your.own|Ref=DEU_7:19!5|MId=o050070190052|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 9-11 וְהָאֹתֹ֤ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_7:19!6|MId=o050070190061|Strong=2050b 10 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_7:19!6|MId=o050070190062|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 אֹתֹ֤ת אוֹת NOUN _ Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=signs|Ref=DEU_7:19!6|MId=o050070190063|Strong=0226 12-14 וְהַמֹּֽפְתִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_7:19!7|MId=o050070190071|Strong=2050b 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_7:19!7|MId=o050070190072|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 מֹּֽפְתִים֙ מוֹפֵת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=wonders|Ref=DEU_7:19!7|MId=o050070190073|Strong=4159 15-17 וְהַיָּ֤ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_7:19!8|MId=o050070190081|Strong=2050b 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_7:19!8|MId=o050070190082|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 יָּ֤ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=DEU_7:19!8|MId=o050070190083|Strong=3027 18-19 הַחֲזָקָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_7:19!9|MId=o050070190091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 חֲזָקָה֙ חָזָק ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 amod _ Gloss=strong|Ref=DEU_7:19!9|MId=o050070190092|Strong=2389|Type=adjective 20-22 וְהַזְּרֹ֣עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=DEU_7:19!10|MId=o050070190101|Strong=2050b 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_7:19!10|MId=o050070190102|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 זְּרֹ֣עַ זְרוֹעַ NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=arm|Ref=DEU_7:19!10|MId=o050070190103|Strong=2220 23-24 הַנְּטוּיָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=DEU_7:19!11|MId=o050070190111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 נְּטוּיָ֔ה נָטָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 22 acl:relcl _ Gloss=outstretched|Ref=DEU_7:19!11|MId=o050070190112|Strong=5186|Frame=A1:050070190103;|Type=participle_passive 25 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_7:19!12|MId=o050070190121|Strong=0834|Type=relative 26-27 הוֹצִֽאֲךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הוֹצִֽא יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he|Ref=DEU_7:19!13|MId=o050070190131|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:050070190132;AA:050070190141;|Type=qatal 27 ֲךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ Gloss=brought.you.out|Ref=DEU_7:19!13|MId=o050070190132|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 28 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 26 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=DEU_7:19!14|MId=o050070190141|Strong=3068 29-30 אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 אֱלֹהֶ֑י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 28 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=DEU_7:19!15|MId=o050070190151|Strong=0430 30 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_7:19!15|MId=o050070190152|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 31 כֵּֽן־ כֵּן ADV _ _ 32 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=DEU_7:19!16|MId=o050070190161|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 32 יַעֲשֶׂ֞ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.do|Ref=DEU_7:19!17|MId=o050070190171|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:050070190181;|Type=yiqtol 33 יְהוָ֤ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 32 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=DEU_7:19!18|MId=o050070190181|Strong=3068 34-35 אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 אֱלֹהֶ֙י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 33 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=DEU_7:19!19|MId=o050070190191|Strong=0430 35 ךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=DEU_7:19!19|MId=o050070190192|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 36-37 לְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=DEU_7:19!20|MId=o050070190201|Strong=3807a 37 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=DEU_7:19!20|MId=o050070190202|Strong=3605 38-39 הָ֣עַמִּ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 הָ֣ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 39 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=DEU_7:19!21|MId=o050070190211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 39 עַמִּ֔ים עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 37 compound:smixut _ Gloss=peoples|Ref=DEU_7:19!21|MId=o050070190212|Strong=5971 40 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 42 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=DEU_7:19!22|MId=o050070190221|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 41 אַתָּ֥ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=DEU_7:19!23|MId=o050070190231|Strong=0859|Type=personal 42 יָרֵ֖א יָרֵא ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 37 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[are].afraid|Ref=DEU_7:19!24|MId=o050070190241|Strong=3373|Type=adjective 43-45 מִפְּנֵיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 44 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=DEU_7:19!25|MId=o050070190251|Strong=4480 44 פְּנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 42 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=DEU_7:19!25|MId=o050070190252|Strong=6440 45 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ Gloss=them|Ref=DEU_7:19!25|MId=o050070190253|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 46 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 45 punct _ Ref=DEU_7:19!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | רָאוּ *they saw* | qatal · qal | עֵינֶי *eyes* | מַּסֹּת *trials* | | | | נְּטוּיָה *outstretched* | participle passive · qal | | זְּרֹעַ *arm* | | | | הוֹצִֽא *he* | qatal · hiphil | ֲךָ *brought you out* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | יַעֲשֶׂה *he will do* | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} נִסִין רַבְרְבִין דִי חֲזָאָה עֵינָךְ וְאָתַיָא וּמוֹפְתַיָא וִידָא תַקֶפְתָּא וּדְרָעָא מְרָמְמָא דִי אַפְּקָךְ יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ כֵּן יַעְבֵּד יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ לְכָל עַמְמַיָא דִי אַתְּ דָחֵל מִקֳדָמֵיהוֹן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [the great trials which thine eyes saw, and the signs, and the wonders, and the mighty hand, and the outstretched arm, whereby the LORD thy God brought thee out; so shall the LORD thy God do unto all the peoples of whom thou art afraid.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/DEU.239/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:DEU:237`. - ← previous: [Deuteronomy 7:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.7.18/) - next →: [Deuteronomy 7:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.7.20/) - ↑ back to [Deuteronomy 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU/7/)